1. Chapter 4: Spain Builds an Empire
Lesson 2: Different Worlds Collide

2. Different worlds collide
Places
Tenochtitlan
New Spain
Mexico City
Cuzco
Lima

3. Different worlds collide
People
Moctezuma
Hernando Cortez
Dona Marina
Francisco Pizarro
Atahualpa

4. Different worlds collide
Vocabulary
Conquistador
Ally
Conquest
Convert
Colonist

5. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
Moctezuma and Hernando Cortez knew of each other even before they met in
Cortez was from Cuba and arrived in Mexico nine months before Moctezuma

6. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
The Spanish began establishing colonies in the Caribbean Sea
Stories told of great riches in Mexico and Cortez and others wanted some of the Aztec wealth

7. Different worlds collide
Cortez was one of a group of soldiers who became known as conquistadors – conquerors
Cortez faced a major challenge in defeating the Aztec
Cortez and his 500 men were outnumbered by the Aztec
The Aztecs Are Conquered

8. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
Cortez did have a few advantages over the Aztec
Metal armor protected the Spanish from the Aztec’s stone weapons
The Spanish soldiers had muskets – kind of rifle

9. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
Bullets could easily pierce the cloth suits of the Aztecs
Conquistadors also had horses t hat frightened the Aztecs
Native said, “the horses ran like deer and could catch anyone

10. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
Cortez also had allies
An ally is a friend willing to help in fight
The people Cortez met on the way to Tenochtitlan did not want to live under the Aztec rule
These people decided to help Cortez defeat the Aztec

11. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
One of Cortez allies was an Aztec woman named Dona Marina
She spoke several Indian languages and the Native languages of Mexico

12. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
Dona Marina helped Cortez to persuade thousands to join him
Dona Marina is describe as “an excellent person and good interpreter

13. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
An important ally for the Spanish was the disease of smallpox
Historians believe that the Aztecs caught smallpox after Cortez arrived

14. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
After their meeting in 1519, Moctezuma agreed to let Cortez stay in Tenochtitlan
After a year, the Aztecs rose up and threw the Spanish out of that city

15. Different worlds collide
The Aztecs Are Conquered
Moctezuma was killed and Cortez escaped
Cortez returned in with many more Natives as allies
In 1521 the mightiest empire of the Americas fell to the conquistadors

16. Different worlds collide
Mexico City
One of the oldest cities in the Western Hemisphere
Was built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan
Today, archaeologists find evidence of the ancient Aztec capital right in the center of the modern city

17. Different worlds collide
Founding New Spain
After the conquest of the Aztec, the Spanish destroyed Tenochtitlan
A conquest is the capture or taking of something by force
Smallpox continued to take the lives of the Natives of Mexico

18. Different worlds collide
Founding New Spain
In 1535 Spain established the colony of New Spain
The capital of New Spain was Mexico City
Today Mexico City is the capital of Mexico

19. Different worlds collide
Founding New Spain
Spanish officials set up a government, made laws, and build schools and universities
Roman Catholic priest came to convert (change) native peoples from their religions to Christianity

20. Different worlds collide
Founding New Spain
Spanish leaders discouraged native peoples from sacrificing people to their gods
Colonist came from Spain
Colonists hoped to gain wealth by farming, businesses and gold/silver mining

21. Different worlds collide
The Conquests Continue
There was another powerful native empire to the south of Mexico
This was the Incas
The Inca controlled a huge area of land in western South America

22. Different worlds collide
The Conquests Continue
Ten years after the conquest of Mexico, Spain sent Francisco Pizarro to conquer the Incas
Pizarro captured the Incan ruler Atahualpa in 1532

23. Different worlds collide
The Conquests Continue
In 1533, Pizarro captured the Inca capital city of Cuzco
By 1535 Pizarro founded a new capital called Lima in the colony of Peru – today Lima is still the capital of Peru

24. Different worlds collide
The Conquests Continue
Conflict continued between the Spanish and the natives
Some natives fought back only to face defeat
A new culture was born – part Indian, part Spanish

25. Different worlds collide