1. Warm Up
Put SONG projects in the tray
15 mins to work on skits

2. Warm Up – page 74 What was the Congress of Vienna?
What was the purpose of The Balance of Power doctrine?
What was the Act of Legitimacy?
Who did conservatives want in power?
Who did liberals want in power?
Who led the Congress of Vienna

3. Revolutions

6. Latin American People win independence
The American Revolution, French Revolution and Enlightenment ideas encouraged the people of Latin America to rise up against France, Spain and Portugal.
Nationalism is occurring
Extreme pride in their country
Sick of being ruled by a foreign country
Late 1700s early 1800

7. Who were they trying to get freedom from and why?
Wanted independence from France, Portugal and Spain.
The colonial powers (Spain, Portugal and France) were treating the Latin American people very poorly
Colonial governments mirrored their home governments
Europeans on top, natives (Latin Americans) at the bottom of the system
Catholicism was forced upon the natives
Europeans used the natives in slave-like roles to mine precious metals(silver)

8. Europeans used the major Latin American cites as outposts of colonial authority.
Havana ,Mexico City , Lima , Sao Paulo, Buenos Aires
Viceroys or colonial officers controlled the cities and treated the natives very poorly

9. Review List 3 reasons the people of Latin America wanted independence.
What is inspiring the people of Latin America to try to gain independence.

10. Latin American Society

11. Latin American Society
1st- Peninsulars – men born in Spain (.1%)
2nd- Creoles- Spaniards born in Latin America (22.8)
3rd- Mestizos- mixed European and Indian (7.3)
4th- Mulattos- European and African decent
5th- Indians- (55%)
Mestizos, Mulattos and Indian were always discriminated against
Creoles (native borns) were educated and traveled to Spain often and did not believe they were getting the same rights as Spaniards. They followed Enlightenment ideas

12. Review
Which social class led most of the revolutions.

13. The Major Rebellions

14. Haiti Saint Domingue was a French Colony
Toussaint L’Ouventure and 10,000 slaves rose up and freed slaves throughout the colony
On January 1, 1804 Haiti was declared an independent colony

16. The Liberators End Spanish Rule
Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin were two brilliant generals
Simon Bolivar freed Venezuela
Jose de San Martin freed Chile and Peru from Spanish control on Dec. 9th 1824

17. Mexico Ends Spanish Rule
Started with Miguel Hidalgo
1821- the Central American states declared independence from Spain

18. Brazil freed from Portugal
On September 7, 1822 Brazil won its independence through a bloodless revolution

19. Review 1. Who led the Haitian Revolution?
2. From which country were the Haitians trying to gain independence from?
3. Which countries did Simon Bolivar and Jose de San Martin free? Who did they free them from?
4. Who freed Mexico?
5. How was the Brazilian revolution different from the others? Who were the gaining independence from?

21. What was the US doing?
President Monroe issued The Monroe Doctrine in 1823.
Latin American nations were acknowledged to be independent.
The United States would regard as a threat to its own peace and safety any attempt by European powers to impose their system on any independent state in the Western Hemisphere
Europeans stay away from the Americas

22. Review
What was the Monroe Doctrine?

23. Revolution Disrupts Europe
Congress of Vienna tried to restore the monarchies
Revolution, many unsuccessful, erupted across Europe between 1815 and 1848

24. What are people fighting about in Europe
Some countries are fighting for independence from other countries
Examples:
Greece becomes independent from the ottoman Empire
Poland tries to free itself from Russia, but fails
Nationalism is occurring- Pride in their own independent country
Other countries are having revolutions similar to the French Revolution, trying to kick out a monarch or king. In these countries, liberals, Conservative and radicals are fighting over who should rule
Liberals-limited democracy
Conservatives- monarchies
Radicals – full democracy to all people
Conservatism and liberals seesawed back and forth- eventually by 1848 conservatism won
Monarchies back in power

25. Review What type of government do the following parties support
Liberals
Conservatives
Radicals
By 1848, which party dominated most of Europe?

27. The terms of the Congress of Vienna led to widespread discontent in Europe especially in Italy and the German states. Unsuccessful revolutions of 1848 increased nationalistic tensions.
In contrast to continental Europe, Great Britain expanded political rights through legislative means and made slavery illegal in the British Empire

28. Review Were most Latin American revolutions successful?
Were most of the European revolutions successful?
Which country was the most advanced country in Europe? How were they progressing?