1. Photosynthesis

2. Photosynthesis—What Do We Already Know?
Pass the Pen
Have them independently brainstorm what they know, share in groups, write on board

3. Photosynthesis—Obtaining Energy
Autotrophs use the process of photosynthesis to convert light energy into organic compounds.

4. How does a plant “breathe”?
Stomata are openings in leaves (usually on the underside of the leaf).
The Guard cells can open and close the stoma
Carbon Dioxide is taken in through these stomata and water and oxygen are given off.

5. Chemical Equation—Quiz in 10 min!6 6

6. Photosynthesis Brain Pop

7. Overview Photosynthesis
Water
Carbon Dioxide
Sunlight/Photons
Chloroplast
Light Reactions
Photosystem II
Cytochrome Complex
ATP Synthase
Photosystem I
Dark Reactions/Calvin Cycle
Phase 1-Carbon Fixation
Reduction
Regeneration

8. 2 Stages of Photosynthesis
Light Reactions—In the Thylakoids
Light Energy (from the sun) is converted to chemical energy, which is temporarily stored in ATP and the energy carrier molecule NADPH.
Calvin Cycle—In the Stroma
A series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produces a three-carbon sugar.

10. Inside a Chloroplast Photosynthesis takes place inside a chloroplast
The chloroplast contains saclike membranes called THYLAKOIDS
THYLAKOIDS are arranged in stacks called GRANA
The Chlorophyll is inside the thylakoids
The STROMA is the region outside of the thylakoids

11. The first stage of photosynthesis is the LIGHT REACTIONS.
Light is absorbed by the chloroplasts
Light Energy is converted to Chemical Energy (stored in ATP and NADPH). This occurs in Photosystem II

12. Light Reactions Continued
3. Oxygen is given off during this reaction— Water is split! Oxygen is given off, Hydrogen ions remain and will be used later, and electrons are now available! --Leaf Demo--
Note--Chlorophyll in the chloroplast contains pigments (compounds that absorb light) that absorb a lot of blue and red light but reflect green light (giving plants their green color.)

13. Light Reactions Continued
5. An oxidation reaction takes place, losing electrons and the primary electron acceptor takes on the lost electrons in a reduction reaction—the electron transport chain begins!
The primary electron acceptor donates the electrons to a series of molecules in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.

14. Light Reactions Continued
7. As the electrons pass through the chain they lose energy.
8. Light is absorbed at this point and the electrons combine with a proton and NADP+ in Photosystem I
9. NADP+ is then reduced through another reduction reaction to NADPH (The Hs come from the splitting of water back in Photosystem II).
NADPH will exit into the stroma via ATP Synthase where ATP is created and moves on to the Calvin Cycle

15. Making ATP in Light Reactions
ATP is the energy in cells.
The movement of protons into the stroma of the chloroplast releases energy, which is used to produce ATP.
The energy is harnessed by an enzyme, ATP Synthase, which is in the thylakoid membrane

17. Draw it out!
Diagram photosynthesis on doc camera, they copy

18. Photosynthesis—Light Reactions Video Clip
1st half of Biology Crash Course Photosynthesis

19. Light Reactions Video Clips
Add to your summary if you need to!
_Web/
Light reactions by NDSU, about 5 min
clay animation, just over a minute
Animation from pinterest

20. INTERACTIVE
Words
Summarize the LIGHT REACTIONS of photosynthesis

21. Light Reaction Diagram and Review
With a partner (or in a group of 3 if needed), explain your diagram.
Then switch.
Draw out on board, kids also draw

22. Dark Reactions/Calvin Cycle
In the second set of reactions in photosynthesis plants use the energy that was stored in ATP and NADPH during the light reactions to produce sugars.
Most common way this is done is called the CALVIN CYCLE.
Sciencemusic videos

23. Occurs in the STROMA of the chloroplast.
Calvin Cycle
A series of enzyme-assisted chemical reactions that produce a 3-Carbon Sugar.
Occurs in the STROMA of the chloroplast.

24. Calvin Cycle— 3 Parts
Carbon Fixation
Reduction
Regeneration

25. 4 Steps of the Calvin Cycle
3 CO2 molecules diffuse into the stroma and combine with a 5-Carbon molecule, RuBP. This molecule is very unstable and it quickly splits into 2 3-Carbon molecules called 3- PGA.
Each 3-PGA is converted into another 3 Carbon molecule, G3P after receiving a phosphate group from ATP and a proton from NADPH.
Step 1
Step 2

26. 4 Steps of the Calvin Cycle
One of the G3P molecules leave the Calvin Cycle to make carbohydrates which are stored for later use.
The remaining G3P molecules are converted back into RuBP by adding phosphate groups from ATP and then the Calvin Cycle begins again.
Step 3
Step 4

27. Step 1—3 CO2 molecules combine to form RuBP (6 carbon molecule) with help from Rubisco which splits into 3 PGA
Step 4– The rest of the G3P is converted back into RuBP/Rubisco
Calvin Cycle
Step 3– One molecule of G3P leaves the cycle to make sugars
Step 2—Each molecule of 3 PGA is converted to G3P

28. Calvin Cycle Song!

29. Calvin Cycle Video Clip
2nd half of crash course

30. Calvin Cycle
Draw it out! Explain it to a neighbor!

31. Calvin Cycle
Words
Summarize the Dark Reactions of photosynthesis

32. INTERACTIVE
Draw it out!

33. Photosynthesis Group Quiz

34. CFA Photosynthesis

35. Photosynthesis Case Study
Sweet Beets case study

36. Photosynthesis: How is it Important to Medicine? Lab
HASPI.org lab
Use with honors and medical. With honors have them do the extension—design their own labs.

37. Design your own Photosynthesis Lab!

38. Photosynthesis Children’s Book
Weekly HW?

39. Vocabulary Photosynthesis Electron transport chain Light Reactions
Pigment
Thylakoids
Chloroplast
Grana
Calvin cycle
Stroma
Carbon fixation
Photosystem
Primary electron acceptor