1. Cultural nationalism 1

2. What is cultural nationalism?
Historical and cultural distinctiveness
Originality and diversity
Cultural criteria for membership
The character of the nation is determined by its unique culture, not by the state
Common traditions hold it together
Nations are unique organisms 2

3. The idea of organism Nations are living organisms
Societies need to develop spontaneously from their own cultural environment
National character – the basis of social organisations
The individual cannot live outside of society 3

4. The idea of cultural diversity
Human nature is different in different parts of the world
Cultures are incomparable
Ages are incomparable
All understanding is historical
Reaction against assimilation
All cultures are equally valuable 4

5. The aim of cultural nationalism
Transform society in order to realise the nation.
Regenerate the true character of the nation to be manifested in the culture.
To unite different aspects of the national culture.
Traditional – modern
Rural – urban
Reason – faith 5

6. The articulators of the nation
Historians, artists, writers
The nation is unarticulated
The national character is understood through intuition
There is a need for interpreters
Not the politicians, agitators, legislators, representatives
The nation needs to be created through interpretation. 6

7. Expressions of the nation
Language
Literature
Art
Music
Dance
History
Religion
Landscape 7

8. Architecture and nation8

9. Landscape and nation 9

10. Landscape and nation 10

11. Religion, landscape and nation11

12. Religion and nation 12

13. Literature and nation National heroes: The Polish poet Adam Mickiewicz13

14. Music and nation
National heroes: Chopin 14

15. History and nation
National heroes: Peter I 15

16. Religion and nation 16

17. Territory and nation
Kosovo Polje as national symbol. The Monument 17

18. Language and nation 18

19. National food 19

20. The people and the nation
The lace maker 20

21. Popular customs
Midsommardans, Anders Zorn, 1897 21

22. Folklore
Russian folklore 22

23. 23

24. The Kohn dichotomy Political nationalism Rational Democratic Liberal
Progressive
Western
Cultural nationalism
Utopian
Authoritarian
Conservative
Regressive
Eastern 24

25. Consequences of dichotomy
Western nationalism good; Eastern nationalism bad
Image of the West as the bearer of civilization and democracy
Image of ”the East” as different, backwards and dangerous
Upholds view of the West as a norm
This view justifies Western nationalism, cleansing it from cultural elements.
In fact, this nationalism might always be based on ideas of a distinctive cultural identity.
Even though this identity is more or less easy to take part of, more or less welcoming. 25

26. The impact of cultural nationalism on the formation of modern society
Creates cultural awareness
Forms national consciousness
Inspires political action 26