1. Forest Management in Korea
March 2009
Park Chong-ho
Director
International Cooperation Division

2. Contents
Progress in Forests
Forest Status
Key Forest Policies

3. Progress in Forests

4. Background of Forest Degradation
Growing stock : million ㎥
Stock volume/ha : over 100㎥
End of
Chosun
Dynasty
Active forest
rehabilitation
took place
after the 1960s
Forest exploitation
Wood fuel collection &
field burning for cultivation
Japanese
Colonization
Korean War & social chaos
Illegal logging & field burning
Insufficient budget for rehabilitation
Before
1960s

5. Degraded Forests
1950s Seongbuk-dong, Seoul

6. Degraded Forests
1950s Gupabal, Seoul

7. Forest Rehabilitation
Forest Resource Development
2nd Rehabilitation
Harmonizing forest income development & public benefit functions
1st Rehabilitation
Establishment of
commercial forest area
Plantation of 1 million ha,
Public tree planting campaign

8. World Renowned Forest Rehabilitation Efforts
S. Korea is a reforestation model for the World. We can reforest the earth!
by「Plan B 3.0」(’08)
The Republic of Korea embarked on a four-fold programme in 1973…
The programme succeeded beyond expectations.
by「FAO Unasylva」(’81)
Lester Brown, renowned environmental analyst 8

9. Factors of Successful Rehabilitation
Forestry factor
Establishment of foundation for forest rehabilitation such as enactment of Forest Law(1961), establishment of Forest Administration(1967), etc.
Sustainable establishment and implementation of forest rehabilitation plans
Non-forestry factor
Public participation and strong will power of the leaders
Wide use of coal led by economic growth

10. Extent of Forest Planted
Accomplishments
4,217,520ha planted
11 billion trees
1,829,577 ha
private
(85%)
public
(15%)
Plantations
Timber forest
(47%)
Fast
growing
(22%)
Fuel wood
(20%)

11. Annual Forestation No. of trees Area planted Year 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
(1,000ha)
(1 million trees)
Area planted
No. of trees
Year
1st
2nd
3rd
4th

12. Change in Growing Stock
Year
Stock volume per ha
16㎥
97.83㎥

13. Forest Rehabilitation with Public Participation

14. Before & After Rehabilitation
Erosion control project site in Cheongha,
Yeong-il, North Gyeongsang prov.(1984)

15. Forest Status

16. Organizational Chart of KFS
Minister
Audit and Inspection
Administrative Services
Press Secretary
Bureau of Coordination and Plantation
Bureau of Forest Resources
Bureau of
Forest Use
Bureau of Forest Protection
Planning and finance
Creative &Innovative Practices
Regulatory Reform & Legislative Affairs
Information & Statistics
Forest Policy
Resources Development
Forest Employment
Forest Management Services
International Cooperation
Forest Land Policy
Forest Land Consulting
National Forest Management
Recreation Forest & Outdoor Activities
Forest Products & Income
Forest Environment Conservation
Urban Forest & Landscape
Forest Fire Control
Forest Engineering & Rehabilitation
Forest Disease & Pest
4 Bureaus
21 divisions
1Team

17. Agencies Under KFS Korea Forest Service
Korea Forest Research Institute
(KFRI)
National Natural Recreation Forest Office
National Arboretum
Forest Human Resources Development Institute
4 Departments
4 Research Centers
Forest Aviation Headquarters
Regional Forest Service
Korea Forest Seed and Variety Center
7 Aviation Stations
5 Regional Forest Service
27 National Forest Station

18. Stock volume per ha(m3/ha)
Forest Cover
6.4 million ha of forests cover 64% of the land
70% of the forests are privately owned
National
Private
Public
Stock volume per ha(m3/ha)

19. Age Class Distribution
61% of the forests are aged less than 30 years
Generally in the stage where extensive management is necessary
(Unit: 1,000 ha)
V and older I II IV
III

20. Forest Type Distribution
Coniferous forests make up a large proportion
Pine and oak species (Mongolian oak, acorn, etc.) are dominant
Oak species
(58%)
Others
(42%)
(29%)
(26%)
(42%)
(3%)
Others
Coniferous
Broadleaved
Mixed
Pine(50%)
Larch(20%)
Pitch pine(15%)
Korean pine(10%)
Others(5%)

21. Forest Land Management
Forests are classified into conservation and semi-conservation forest land
Conservation forests are strictly restricted from land use change
Semi-conservation forests are provided for development
for forestry
(3,548,000 ha)
Conservation
(4,977,000 ha)
Semi-conservation
(1,475,000 ha)
for public service
(1,429,000 ha)
Total
(6,452,000 ha)
Forest Land Use

22. Value of Forests Forest Products Public Benefits Recreation Land
3,000 billion won
annually
Public Benefits
58,000 billion won
annually
Recreation
4 million visitors to
recreation forests
Land
64% of total land
Job Opportunities
Forest experts,
public workers, etc

23. Agricultural material (2%)
Forest Products
Net growing stock
(32.2%)
USD 1,345 M
Timber (4%)
Fruit &nuts
(13%)
Agricultural material (2%)
Mushroom
(8%)
Reforestation(2%)
Wild vegetable (6%)
Landscape
materials (22.0%)
USD M
Bamboo and others (5%)
Total Production
USD 3,558 M
2007 statistics

24. Timber Supply and Demand

25. Key Forest Policies

26. Transition in Forest Policies
Creation of fuel forests
Erosion control projects,
restoration of burned field
Forest
restoration
stage
Forest
revegetation
stage
Completion of
Beginning of forest
management
Resource
development
stage
Expansion of plantation
species
Creation of commercial
forests
Initial stage of
sustainable
management
Introduction of ecological
forestation
Intensive forest

27. Fifth National Forest Plan (NFP-5), 2008~2017
Vision: Sustainable Green Welfare Nation
- leading nation in forest management -
High value resources
OPTIMUM FOREST
FUNCTIONS
Healthy land
Pleasant green
environment

28. Strategies and Action Plan
Integrated management and development of multi-functional forest resources
5 STRATEGIES
Promotion of renewable forest industry and competitiveness
Conservation and management of forest as national terrestrial resource
Development of greenspace and services fore quality life
Reinforcement of international cooperation for resources development
and global forest conservation

29. Developing valuable resources
Integrated management and development of
Multi-functional forest resources
Forestry
infrastructure
Sustainable
Resources
development
SFM
implementation
Offset
public
benefits
Developing valuable resources
Before NFP-5
Post NFP-5
Growing stock/ ha
82㎥
Forest tending
4th Plan- 0.75M ha
Forest road
2.5m/ha
Forest certification
71,000ha
Growing stock/ha
- 120㎥
5th Plan 2.34M ha
3.2m/ha
- 300,000ha

30. Promotion of renewable forest industry and competitiveness
Environmentally
sound timber
industry
Addressing
Climate
change
Regional
industrial
cluster
Competitive
private
forests
National economy
based on
renewable
resources
New driving
factors
Before NFP-5
Post NFP-5
Extent of forest tending output used
10%
Co2 sink
8 M ton
Timber self sufficiency
Non-timber forest products
- USD 1.9 B
Patent
- (~2006) 87 cases
Forest professionals
2,200 persons
- 50%
24 M ton
17%
- USD 3 B
- (~2017) 220 cases
- 3,500 persons

31. Conservation and management of forest as National terrestrial resource
Balanced
forest land
management
Bio-
diversity
Forest
landscape
Scientific
disaster
prevention
Healthy and safe
National land
core of
Korean
ecosystem
Before NFP-5
Post NFP-5
Change in forest area
5,000 ha decrease in 5 years
Percent of protected areas
- 12%
Biological genetic resources
– 110 thousand units
Coastal protection forest
- (until 2007)20ha
Community forest
- (by 2017) 0 ha decrease
15%
550 thousand unit
- (until 2017) 289ha
- 298ha

32. Development of greenspace and service for Quality life
Urban
forest
Before NFP-5
Post NFP-5
Urban forest
6.6㎡/ person
Mountain village
(until 2006) 118 villages
Visitors to recreational forest
– 5.78 million people
Percent of national forest
- 23%
Therapy forest, tree burial
Job opportunities
17 thousand persons
- 10㎡/person
450 sites
15 million people
- 28%
- 18 sites, 15 sites
30 thousand persons
Forest
Service
Public
service of
national
forests
Pleasant
livelihood
Social
aspects of
forest
Mountain
villages and
rural area
development

33. Global environmental conservation & preparation for unification
International Cooperation for resources
development and global forest conservation
Combating
desertification,
international
cooperation
Resources
cooperation,
overseas
plantation
Global environmental conservation & preparation for unification
Forest
rehabilitation
in N.Korea
Before NFP-5
Post NFP-5
Overseas plantation
(until 2006)
128 thousand ha
Combating desertification
International conferences
- industrial
200 thousand ha,
CDM plantation
50 thousand ha
Combating desertification (Mongolia)
3 thousand ha
IUFRO, WFC, etc.

34. 10 Priority Projects Forest job opportunities(100 thousand jobs)2
Carbon sink forest(bio-reusable forest-10,00 ha,
CDM plantation-5) 3
Payment for Environmental Services(PES) in forestry 4
Hiking information centers 100 best mountains
10 Priority
Projects 5
Recreational forest, therapy forest development 6
Community forest in both urban and rural area 7
Web-based integrated forest GIS system 8
Special management of biodiversity at forest wetland
and valleys 9
Coastal greenbelt development 10
Regional forest industry cluster

35. 10 New Policy Systems Post-2012 actions for climate change issues
Forest Sustainability factor/indicator 3
Management indicators for urban forests (gross greenspace
system, sustainability factor for urban forests) 4
Forest land use change propriety assessment 10
New Policy
Systems 5
Management of forest cultural assets 6
Identifying type and difficulty level of hike trails nationwide 7
Management of protected forests & international standards 8
National forest certification system 9
Action plans on UPOV 10
New legislations for urban forest, mountain villages
♠ UPOV: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants

36. Forests and Forestry in 2017
Value of forests
- USD 70 billion → USD 200 billion
Growing Stock
- 82㎥/ha → 120㎥/ha
Change in forest area
- 7,000 ha decrease → 0ha
Percent of protected areas
- 11% → 15%
Sustainable
Welfare
Nation
학습동아리 활성화
National Resources
National Land
Urban forest
- 6.5㎡/person → 10㎡/person
Recreational forest users
- 1 B people/yr→1.7 B people/yr.
발굴된 민원은 그 유형에 따라 해소방안을 차별화하겠습니다.
부도임대아파트와 같은 반복민원은 본부별 TF를 구성하여
실태조사와 이해관계자의 의견을 충분히 수렴한 후 대책을 마련하고
공공사업에 따른 갈등민원은 10월 중순에 구축된
갈등관리시스템을 적용하겠습니다.
개인간 분쟁민원은 분쟁조정위원회를 통해
이해관계를 중재토록 하고
여러 부서가 관련된 복합민원은 부내에 운영중인
조정기구를 적극 활용하고자 합니다.
이러한 대응방안과 민원의 코드화를 담은 민원제도개선 종합매뉴얼을 내년 상반기까지 마련하여 처리절차를 표준화 하겠습니다.
Livelihood

37. THANK YOU