1. Phosphorous Transport in Surface Overland Flow
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

2. OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES LITERATURE REVIEW PROPOSED METHODS
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

3. 1. INTRODUCTION Photo Credit: WEAL 2008 Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley
Photo Credit: WEAL 2008

4. PHOSPHOROUS Eutrophication 1. INTRODUCTION
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

5. MODELS Spatially Explicit??? 1. INTRODUCTION
Need to achieve a more accurate representation of the processes to allow effective management decisions to be made.
Export
Transport
Spatially Explicit???
Delivery
In-stream Processing
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

6. SCALE “Field Scale” “Watershed Scale” 1. INTRODUCTION
temporal & spatial
“Field Scale”
“Watershed Scale”
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

7. 2. OBJECTIVES Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

8. 2. OBJECTIVES
The Big Picture: Achieve a better understanding of the processes that effect phosphorous transport in surface overland flow. This will be used to contribute to developing a refined P-Index for SNAP-Plus.
Use LIDAR based DEM in Waupaca County and 11 flume monitoring stations to…
IDENTIFY PREDICTIVE ACCURACY OF EPHEMERAL CHANNEL LOCATIONS
ASSESS THE IMPORTANCE OF SPATIAL CONFIGURATION
ANALYZE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT MODEL STRUCTURES
DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF GRID CELL SIZE HAS ON 1,2,3
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

9. 2. OBJECTIVES 2. ASSESS THE IMPORTANCE OF SPATIAL CONFIGURATION
Compare the efficiency of a simple, non-spatially explicit phosphorous model to different topographically based models when compared to observed phosphorous yields in potential contributing areas of roughly 400 acres.
% land use vs
spatially explicit topographic index
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

10. Phosphorous decay term?
2. OBJECTIVES
3. ANALYZE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIFFERENT MODEL STRUCTURES
Compare the predictive capability of four different topographically based phosphorous models to observed phosphorous yields in contributing areas of roughly 400 acres.
Determine if including a transport-decay term will enhance model efficiency.
Test whether using the SNAP-Plus phosphorous index instead of generic export coefficients provides enhanced model performance.
Model
Phosphorous decay term?
Export Coefficient II No
generic for all land uses
III
Yes IV
SNAP-Plus P Index for cultivated fields, generic for other land use type V
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

11. 2. OBJECTIVES 4. DETERMINE THE EFFECT OF GRID CELL SIZE
Assess to what extent the spatial resolution of the digital elevation model effects the prediction of locations of ephemeral channels and accuracy of phosphorous loads made by the simple non-spatially explicit model and the 4 topographically based models.
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

12. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

13. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW Robertson 2006 Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley
Robertson 2006

14. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW Summary of Study and Model R2 (%)
78 catchments in Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA
Boomer et al. 2008 55
log(SY kg/ha/yr) = 30.71(mean soil erodibility) +0.86log((Q)-0.23(relief ratio)-0.68(sqrt(%forest)) +0.33(Appalachian Plateau)
32 catchments in the Magdalena River watershed, Columbian Andes in South America
Restrepo et al. 2006
log(SY Mg/Km/yr)= log(runoff mm/yr) log(average max Q) 58
23 catchments in the Patuxent River watershed, MD
Weller et al. 2003
TSS(mg/L)=1(%cropland)+0.6(%development)+0.7(Coastal Plain) +11.5(Week) +17.2(%cropland*week) +7.8(%development*week) +11.8(Coastal Plain*week) +6.9(%cropland*Coastal Plain*week)
26 catchments in Central Belgium
Verstraeten et al. 2001
log(SY Mg/ha/yr)= log(area ha)-0.84log(hypsometric integral)+0.11log(drainage length in m) 76
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley
Boomer 2008

15. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW Summary of Study and Model R2 (%)
21 catchments in the Fish River watershed, Al
Basnyat et al. 1999
log(TSS mg/L)=3.7(%forest)+17.33(%development)-20.7(%orchard) +11.5(%cropland) (%pasture) 76
17 catchments in the Chesapeake Bay watershed
Jones et al. 2001
log(SY kg/ha/yr)= (%development)-0.116(%wetland)-0.038(riparian forest) 79
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley
Boomer 2008

16. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors commonly attribute unsatisfactory results to inadequate spatial data.
A few examples:
Hunsaker 1995
Sorrano 1996
Jain 2000
Jones 2001
Richards 2006
Boomer 2008
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

17. 3. LITERATURE REVIEW Improper model use Topographic Indices
TOPMODEL – shallow soils, moderate topography
Wetness Index
Erosion Index
SNAP-Plus
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

18. 4. PROPOSED METHODS Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

19. 4. PROPOSED METHODS – SITE SELECTION
11 ephemeral channel monitoring sites will be selected within Waupaca County.
series of hierarchical criteria:
Potential contributing area of approximately 400 acres.
Area around the ephemeral channel must have the correct morphology to ensure a flat-crested long-throated flume can collect a representative water quality sample and volume of runoff.
Preliminary Modeling to predict proper distribution of P - % land use.
SNAP-Plus Feasibility.
Site access.
Sites that represent the ideal distribution of percent agriculture will be pursued to as much degree as feasible.
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

20. 4. PROPOSED METHODS – STATISTICS
Kendall’s Tau rank correlation test for small sample sizes of non-parametric data with outliers
Person Product moment correlation coefficient to asses linearity
Coefficient of determination.
Adjusted R2 – parsimony.
5. Spatial and temporal resolution sensitivity analysis.
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

21. 4. PROPOSED METHODS – FLUMES
Flat-crested long throated flume
Computer calibration – WinFlume
Very accurate
Fit a variety of channel shapes
Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley

22. FINAL THOUGHTS Graduate Student: Mark Breunig
Graduate Advisor: Dr. Paul McGinley