1. RESULTS THE WINE INDUSTRY IN SPAIN: THE CASE OF CASTILLA Y LEÓN
10th ANNUAL CONFERENCE. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WINE ECONOMISTS (AAWE)
Bordeaux, June, 2016
THE WINE INDUSTRY IN SPAIN: THE CASE OF CASTILLA Y LEÓN
JUAN JOSÉ JUSTE CARRIÓN
Department of Applied Economics. University of Valladolid (Spain)
OBJECTIVE
INITIAL CONSIDERATIONS
Analyze the importance of the Spanish wine sector with
particular reference to the case of Castile and Leon
through the identification of its main features and its potential
as an instrument for territorial development
RELEVANCE OF AGROFOOD INDUSTRY
IN SPAIN AND CASTILLA Y LEÓN
SPAIN AS A TRADITIONAL WINE PRODUCER
WITHIN THE WORLD CONTEXT
SPAIN AS AN IMPORTANT WINE EXPORTER
- The role of Castilla y León
DATA
OBSERVATORIO ESPAÑOL DEL MERCADO DEL VINO (OEMV)
A- Reports and press drawn up both at national and regional level (several years)
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE ESTADÍSTICA:
B- Encuesta Industrial de Empresas (several years)
MINISTERIO DE AGRICULTURA, ALIMENTACIÓN Y MEDIO AMBIENTE
C- La Alimentación en España. Producción, industria, distribución y consumo (several years)
D- Informe Magrama. Datos de las Denominaciones de Origen Protegidas (several years)
MINISTERIO DE INDUSTRIA, ENERGÍA Y TURISMO
E- Informe de visitantes a bodegas y museos del vino asociados a las Rutas del Vino de España
Compés, R. y Castillo, J. (2014): La Economía del vino en España y en el mundo. Cajamar, Almería
METHODOLOGY
A. - ECONOMIC RELEVANCE
B. - MAIN FEATURES
C. - LOCAL DEVELOPMENT
RESULTS
Exports: increasing continously.
Interruption in 2009 because of the crisis.
Low level import/export: importance of
Spanish wine in national consumption.
2014 higher exports level in volume but
lower in terms of value: low prices.
Main destination of exports: France,
Germany, United Kingdom and Portugal.
Relevant increase of exports to Russia
(bulk wine) and China.
Different performance: Catalonia, La Rioja, Aragon, Navarre vs Asturias, Cantabria, Murcia.
Export leader: Castilla-La Mancha; along with Extremadura 61% of total exports in volume, low prices.
Highest export prices: Canary Islands, Balearic Islands and Castile & Leon (5% of total exports in value).
Spanish Industry: AFI the most important sector: prevalence of small sized firms (9,6 employees).
Spanish AFI: Meat, Bread, Dairy, and Wine (7% of AFI Employment ; 14% of AFI enterprises).
AFI structural weaknesses:
SPAIN: 1st country in vineyard area; 3th in terms of production, but low consumption (beer).
SPAIN: 1th-exporter in volume; 3th in terms of value, after France and Italy: low price (bulk wine).
PDO in almost all Spanish regions; rankingLa Mancha, Rioja, Cava (interregional), Ribera del Duero.
Largest export orientation: Jerez, Almansa, Utiel-Requena, Cariñena, Campo de Borja, Cataluña: (> 50%).
Highest export prices: Penedés, Ribera del Duero, Cava, Jerez.
THE SPANISH PROTECTED DESIGNATIONS OF ORIGIN
Wine production: high regional concentration: Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura, Catalonia 70%.
National consumption: lower than exports level, since 2004; high decrease at home and HORECA.

2. PDO WINES IN CASTILE AND LEON
CyL Wine Industry: Exports > 150 million €, thanks to the DPO wine (81,9%; 65,5% in volume).
Strong provincial concentration of Exports: Valladolid and Burgos account for 60,3% in terms of
volume, and 80,3% in terms of value, in sharp contrast with Palencia, Soria and Ávila.
CyL Industry: AFI the most important sector; prevalence of small sized firms (10,1) employees).
CyL AFI: Meat, Bread, Dairy, Wine (10,4% of CyL AFI Employment; 18,4% of AFI enterprises).
Wine sector labour costs: similar to
the regional AFI level, and lower than
the regional industry level.
Wine sector productivity: Value added
per employee slightly higher than
both regional averages.
High level of investment in equipment.
Net sales of product per employee:
low level, reflecting a more intensive-
labour activity.
Firm Size: prevalence of the “micro-
enterprise” (6,7 employees), like at
national level (6,1), in contrast with
the canning industries (fish, fruits and
vegetables).
CyL PDO Wine: Ribera del Duero and Rueda are the most important zones; this two PDO are also
representative in the national context. Both account for: 58% of total regional number of PDO
wineries; 86% and 17% of total trade corresponding to the PDO wineries at regional and national
level respectively.
CyL PDO Type of wine: General prevalence of Red wine, especially in Ribera del Duero, Toro and
Bierzo. White wine is predominant in Rueda; Rosé characterizes Cigales and Tierra de León.
CyL PDO Exports: The foreign trade level is very low, even in Rueda and Ribera del Duero (around
12% in terms of volumen in both cases; 12% and 19,5% in terms of value, respectively). Exports
over 30% of total trade are given in Toro, Sierra de Salamanca and Tierra del Vino de Zamora (value).
CyL Wine production: oscillanting evolution, but more moderate if compared with Spain and
other regions, such as Galicia, Aragon, Andalusia or Valencian Community.
CyL performance: in general more favorable than the national average, even during the crisis.
CyL Wine production: oscillanting evolution, but more moderate if compared with Spain and
other regions, such as Galicia, Aragon, Andalusia or Valencian Community.
CyL performance: in general more favorable than the national average, even during the crisis
CyL Wine exports: in 2015, for the first time Exports > 150 million €, despite the fall (-4,2%) in volume,
with the highest average price so far this century: 4,79 €.
Destination of CyL Wine exports: Switzerland, Germany and USA both in terms of value and volume.
Since 2000 it has significantly increased the importanca of China, Hong-Kong and Mexico.
Enotourism: a complementary factor stimulating wine activity and territorial development, by
promoting links between wine industry, culture, gastronomie, hostelry, craftsmanship…
CyL Wine Routes: Ribera del Duero is the most important; the 3th after Penedés and Jerez.
PDO WINES IN CASTILE AND LEON
CONCLUSIONS
Relevance of Spanish Wine Industry within the World context, with Castile and Leon as an important region.
High potential of Wine Industry as an instrument to promote territorial economic development in Spain.
and Castile and Leon: synergistic effects from Designations of Origin and Enotourismmultisectorial impact.
Promising future if weaknesses are overcome through greater quality, innovation and marketing aimed to increase
exports and the national consumption level, especially that of certain groups such as women and youth.