1. Epilepsy
Matt Beaumont

2. Epilepsy
Definition: Chronic neurological disorder, recurrent unprovoked _______, transient symptoms associated abnormal activity in the brain.
Seizure: Paroxysmal abnormality of motor, sensory, autonomic, cognitive function
Prevalence: _______

3. Types (ILAE 2010) Generalised- both___________
(absence, myoclonic, tonic, tonic-clonic, atonic)
Focal- arise 1/part 1 hemisphere
Frontal- motor phenomena
Temporal- auditory and sensory
Occipital- ______/ phenomena
Parietal- contralateral dysaesthesia

4. Investigations
EEG- suspected Epilepsy- abnormal background, abnormal wave complexes
Imaging: Structural- if focal/neuro signs- tumour
Imaging: functional- abnormal metabolism seizure foci/ epileptogenic lesions

5. Treatment: AEDs Recurrence, type, monotherapy, side effects
Generalised:
Tonic clonic: Valproate
Absence:________
Focal: Carbamazepine

6. Common side effects:
Drowsiness and sedation, rash Diplopia, headache, tremor Depression, suicidal thoughts Ataxia, confusion, slurred speech

7. Specific Carbamazepine: Hyponatraemia/ SIADH Valproate: weight gain
Phenytoin: acne/ hirsustism
Teratogenic
Reproductive age: lamotrogine

8. Hypsarrhythmia

9. Case Miss RG, 13yrs, F BG: Reflex anoxic seizures, Absence seizures
Paeds neurology 2010
EEG + treated epilepsy
Intractable Epilepsy
MRI scan indicated
Previous resection
DH: carbamazepine (Tegretol) 200mg BD, levetiracetam (Keppra) 750mg BD

10. MRI- 2010
Lesion in left occipitotemporal region

11. Brain Tumours Most common form solid childhood cancer
Most common cause childhood cancer death
Astrocytoma- 40%
Treatment: Surgery, Chemo, Radio