1. COLOMBIA
  Capital: Bogotá Currency: Peso Official language: Spanish Language Government: Constitutional republic, Unitary state, Presidential system Population: 46,927,125 (2011) 

2. LOCATION
It is located in northwestern South America, bordered to the northwest by Panama; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the east by Venezuela and Brazil to the south by Ecuador and Peru and to the west by the Pacific Ocean.

3. NATIONAL FLAG

4. COLOMBIAN NATIONAL SYMBOLS

5. ABOUT COLOMBIA
The name "Colombia" is derived from the last name of Christopher Columbus (Italian: Cristoforo Colombo; Spanish: Cristóbal Colón).
With an estimated 46 million people in 2008, Colombia is the third-most populous country in Latin America, after Brazil and Mexico.
Today Colombia is the third largest oil producer in South America and it is estimated that by 2012.
Colombia has the fourth largest economy in Latin America

6. GEOGRAPHY
Colombia is characterized by its six main natural regions that present their own unique characteristics, from the Andes mountain range region shared with Ecuador and Venezuela; the Pacific coastal region shared with Panama and Ecuador; the Caribbean coastal region shared with Venezuela and Panama; the Llanos (plains) shared with Venezuela; to the Amazon Rainforest region shared with Venezuela, Brazil, Peru and Ecuador.

7. HYDROLOGY AND CLIMAT
Its main rivers are Magdalena, Cauca, Guaviare, and Caquetá.
About 86% of the country's total area lies in hot Weather
Colombians describe their country in terms of the climatic zones. Below 900 meters (2,953 ft) in elevation  (hot land), where temperatures vary between 24 and 38 °C (75.2 and 100.4 °F).
The most productive land and the majority of the population can be found temperate land.
Cold land, 1,980 and 3,500 meters (6,496 and 11,483 ft)), between 10 and 19 °C (50 and 66.2 °F).
Above 4,500 meters (14,764 ft), where temperatures are below freezing, a zone of permanent snow and ice.

8. ECONOMY Historically an agrarian(farming)economy.
 Colombia is rich in natural resources, and its main exports include petroleum, coal, coffee and other agricultural produce, and gold.
Colombia is also known as the world's leading source of emeralds, while over 70% of cut flowers imported by the United States are Colombian

9. Economic history Precolonial and colonial time:
The mineral and metal resources: exhaustion increasing
Agricultural:
Limited in 1500s
Became a dynamic enterprise in 1600s
Replaced mining as the core of the Colombian economy by the 1700s
By the end of 1700s, sugar and tobacco had become important export commodities

10. Economic history :
After independence in 1819, local entrepreneurs were free to capitalize on world markets rather than Spain
The economy was based on mining, agriculture and cattle raising
In the late 19th century, tobacco and coffee export industries developed, greatly enlarging the merchant class, leading to population expansion and the growth of cities

11. Economic history :
1902: experienced the coffee boom, bringing the attendant benefits of transportation and the 1st major attempts at manufacturing
: described as the most significant growth phase in Colombian history, characterized by an expansion of exports and government revenues, as well as an overall rise in the GDP
Coffee contributed most to trade, growing from only 8 percent of total exports at the beginning of the 1870s to nearly 75 percent by the mid-1920s

12. Economic history :
From 1967 to 1980, the Colombian economy, and particularly the coffee industry, experienced sustained growth. In just over a decade, Colombia's coffee production doubled. The expansion of production and exports boosted the income and purchasing capacity of the thousands of households involved in coffee cultivation, thereby increasing consumption and allowing the GDP to expand. Strong export earnings and a large increase in foreign-exchange reserves were the most noticeable results of this economic expansion.

13. Economic history
Colombia also used diverse trade-policy tools, such as tariffs(tax) and quotas(quantity limit), in order to promote import substitution(a trade and economic policy that advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production). To encourage exports, a competitive exchange rate(between the domestic currency and a foreign currency) became a centerpiece of macroeconomic policy.
On the negative side, the increasing internal conflict, in which guerrilla groups, paramilitaries, and drug cartels were major players, had negative economic effects

14. :
In 1990: a peace process with the Guerrilla group and the debate over how to bring major drug lords to justice.
Colombia enjoyed a fairly good economic performance in the first half of the 1990s because of an initial increase in public spending, and the wealth effect resulting from increased oil production. However the increases of both private and public foreign debt made the country vulnerable to negative international shocks

15. In late 1999, the government and the Central Bank undertook a major policy decision: the exchange rate would be allowed to float and be determined by market forces, and the Bank of the Republic would no longer intervene in the foreign-exchange market. In as much as this change in policy
came when confidence in the peso was very low, there was a distinct possibility that the currency would weaken to an extent that could make foreign debts—both of the government and of the private sector—unpayable

16. Economic history 1999-present:
By early 2000 there had been the beginning of an economic recovery, with the export sector leading the way, as it enjoyed the benefit of the more competitive exchange rate, as well as strong prices for petroleum, Colombia's leading export product. Prices of coffee, the other principal export product, have been more variable.

17. Economic growth reached 3. 1% during 2000 and inflation was 9
Economic growth reached 3.1% during 2000 and inflation was 9.0% although unemployment has yet to significantly improved. Colombia's international reserves have remained stable at around $8.35 billion, and Colombia has successfully remained in international capital markets.

18. Colombia's total foreign debt at the end of 1999 was $34
Colombia's total foreign debt at the end of 1999 was $34.5 billion with $14.7 billion in private sector and $19.8 billion in public sector debt. Major international credit rating organizations have dropped Colombian sovereign debt below investment grade, primarily as a result of large fiscal deficits, which current policies are seeking to close.

19. «World Investment Report 2013: Global Value Chains: Investment and Trade for Development» by UNCTAD.

20. COLOMBIAN EMERALD

21. COLOMBIAN COFFEE

23. BOGOTA CAPITAL CITY

24. COLOMBIAN TOURISM

25. PRINCIPAL TOURIST PLACES

26. NATIONAL FOLK AND CULTURE

27. PRINCIPAL FESTIVALS

28. BARRANQUILLA’S CARNIVAL

29. COLOMBIAN CUISINE AND TASTE
PORK STUFF
TAMAL
RICE WITH CHICKEN
BANDEJA PAISA DISH

30. COLOMBIAN CUISINE AND TASTE
COLOMBIAN SANCOCHO SOUP
FRIED FISH

31. VARIETY OF FRUITS AND PRODUCTS

32. COLOMBIAN FLORA AND FAUNA

33. BIODIVERSITY
Colombia is the second most biodiverse country in the world, after Brazil.
Colombia has a large number of taxonomic groups animals and flora typical equator which is, in addition to varieties of migrations wildlife from around the world.
Colombia is one of the megadiverse countries in biodiversity, ranking third in living species and first in bird species.

34. BIODIVERSITY
Colombia also has about 1,200 species of marine fish and 1,600 species of freshwater.
Is the second country with a greater variety of butterflies: 3,000 families and 14 species and more than 250,000 varieties of beetles.
First in amphibian species (15%) with 30 % of the species of turtles and 25 % of the species of crocodiles. There are 30 species of primates and 222 species of snakes in the country.

35. SPECIES OF FAUNA AND FLORA

36. COLOMBIAN FOOTBALL

37. COLOMBIAN FAMOUS TALENTS

38. References materials www.investincolombia.com.co/colombia- economy
economy

39. Thank you Speakers: Nguyen Thuy Thao (136547)
Ponomareva Ulyana (136550)
Long Chan Tra (136548)
Huynh Thanh Dai (136541)