1. Chemistry of Water

2. Characteristics of Water:
Inorganic- does not contain carbon

3. Characteristics of Water:
2. When H and O form a covalent bond, electrons are shared unevenly making the molecule polar
Shared e- spends more time near the O
Negative pole near the oxygen
Positive pole between the hydrogen atoms

4. Characteristics of Water: 3. Universal solvent
Due to + and – areas, most substances will dissolve in water

5. Characteristics of Water:
4. Occurs as a liquid in wide temperature range

6. 5. Less dense as solid than liquid
Characteristics of Water:
5. Less dense as solid than liquid
Ice floats insulating ponds

7. Characteristics of Water:
6. Water molecules and solid surfaces are attracted to one another- adhesion- causes capillary action
Water moves up tiny tubes in trees in a continuous column

8. Characteristics of Water:
7. Water molecules are cohesive- stick to each other
Meniscus forms on a graduated cylinder
Surface tension

9. Solutions and Suspensions
Water is often found as part of a mixture
Mixture- material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but are not chemically combined

10. Mixture Examples
Salt and pepper
Atmosphere gases

11. Solutions and Suspensions
2 types of mixtures involving water are solutions & suspensions
1. Solutions: molecules when mixed become evenly distributed
Solute: the substance that is dissolved
Solvent: the substance in which the solute dissolves
Water is the greatest solvent on Earth

12. Solutions and Suspensions
2. Suspensions: water and non- dissolved materials
Material doesn’t dissolve but separates into smaller pieces that do not settle out
ex: blood
Contains solutions but also cells & other non-dissolved particles that remain in suspension as blood moves through the body