1. Heater Construction and Maintenance
Hanse Environmental Inc. By Peter Hanse 08/14/2006
Heater Construction and Maintenance
Learning to Work Efficiently and Accurately

2. Introduction What do you know about Heaters? What about heater Life
Components
Types
Wiring
What about heater Life
What effects it?
How do you extend it?

3. Agenda Areas Covered: Heater Construction Heater Components
Coil Vs Solid
Heater Components
Ceramics
Fusible Links
Coils
Causes of Heater Failure
Extending Heater Life

4. Overview
Open Nichrome
Solid Heaters

5. Vocabulary
Ceramics - Non conductive solid material used as pass-through
TGGT Wire - High temperature wire
Nichrome Wire - Used as Resistive Heater coils
Heater Links - Interconnect devices between heater coils
Fusible Links - Interconnect devices between heater coils with temperature current fuse

6. Heater Construction Two Main Types Solid Rod Construction Advantages
High heater life
Extended temperature range with no sage
Disadvantages
Longer response time
Higher Cost
Open Nichrome Wire
High response time
Inexpensive to repair
Sage with air flow drops
Ceramics can crack

7. Heater Construction
Solid Rod Style
Open Nicrome

8. Heater Components
Nichrome Wire
TGGT Wire
Ceramics
Ring Terminal

9. Causes of Heater Failure
Failure Modes
Over Heated caused by lack of air flow or exceeding maximum chamber temperature
Heater will sage
Heater may dead short or wire will snap
Dead Shorted caused by insulator failure
Connection wire failure
Ceramic insulator failure

10. Extending Heater Life Maintains required Replace Failed Components
Visual inspection, Look for sagging, cracked insulators, and heater link fusible or other wise
Safeties Check, Set over limit lower then run chamber past it to check its working order
Replace Failed Components
Replace any sagging heater wire, creaked insulators and remove any decree from heaters
Prevent Failures
Do not allow conductive tapes in chamber as they may suck into air plenum and dead short heaters.
Do not open doors or stop airflow well in hot cycle

11. Summary
Heaters are a vital system to any chamber and as such should be checked and maintained regularly to prevent down time.

12. Where to Get More Information
Hanse Environmental Inc.
Watlow
Mor Electric Heating