1. RACIST VIOLENCE AND CRIME IN THE EU: From Official Data to Victim Surveys Sofia – CSD September 2006
Dr. Jo Goodey
Programme Manager – Research
EUMC

2. Racist Violence & Crime in EU25 EUMC Publications
EUMC report ‘Racist Violence in 15 EU Member States’ (April 2005); focus on publicly available criminal justice data sources
EUMC Annual Report – chapter on Racist Violence and Crime in EU25

3. PUBLICLY AVAILABLE OFFICIAL DATA Most recently available information
on recorded
complaints / incidents / crimes
at Member State level ( )
DATA NOT DIRECTLY COMPARABLE BETWEEN MSs

4. Official Criminal Justice Data 2004 - 2005 2,605 81 15,914 974 94 214
EU15
Official Criminal Justice Data
Belgium
2,605
complaints general discrimination (’04)
Denmark 81
incidents racist/religious motive (’05)
Germany
15,914
crimes ‘politically motiv - right-wing’ (’05)
France
974
racist/xeno/antisem acts and threats (’05)
Ireland 94
racially motivated crimes reported (’05)
Netherlands
214
complaints racial discrimination (’04)
Austria
322
complaints – right-wing/xeno/antis (’04)
Finland
558
reported racist incidents (’04)
Sweden
2,414
recorded xenophobic crime (’04)
UK (Eng & W)
57,902
racist/religious incidents (mid ’04/’05)
LU, PT
Very limited data on investigations/court cases
GR, IT, ES
NO publicly available official data

5. Official Criminal Justice Data 2004 and 2005 364 (2004); 253 (2005)
EU10
Official Criminal Justice Data
2004 and 2005
Czech Rep
364 (2004); 253 (2005)
Crimes recorded
Hungary
24 (2004); 11 (2005)
Crimes registered
Poland
107 (2004); 156 (2005)
Crimes reported
Slovakia
79 (2004); 121 (2005)
Estonia, Latvia
Lithuania, Slovenia
Very limited data on investigations and/or court cases
Cyprus
Malta
NO publicly available official data

6. TRENDS
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
% change yr-by-yr mean average 00-’05
Czech Rep
364
crimes
452
473
335
253
- 4.4%
Denmark 28
incidents
116 68 52 36 81
+ 68.7%
Germany _
14,725
12,933
11,576
12,533
15,914
+ 3.1%
France
903
reports
424
1,317
833
1,574
974
+ 34.3%
Ireland 72 42
100 62 84 94
+ 21.2%
Austria
450
complaint
528
465
436
322
- 6.7%
Poland
206 97 85
108
107
156
+ 1.3%
Slovakia 35 40
109
119 79
121
+ 43.1%
Finland
402
448
348
522
558
+ 11.5%
Sweden
2,703
2,785
2,391
2,436
2,414
- 2.5%
UK (Eng & Wales only)
47,829
53,060
54,858
49,340
54,286
57,902
+ 4.2%
(mid year readings)

7. Official data collection mechanisms classification 2004 - 2005
None
No data made publicly available/
accessible
Limited
Limited reporting on investigations
& court cases or general discrimination
Good
System registers incidents/crimes and/or system focuses on extremism
Comprehensive
Data collection provides detail re victims’ characteristics etc.
Cyprus
Belgium
Austria
Finland
Greece
Estonia
Czech Republic UK
Italy
Hungary
Denmark
Malta
Latvia
France
Spain
Lithuania
Germany
Luxembourg
Ireland
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden

8. Unofficial data collection mechanisms on racist crime/violence
Limited
No or few unofficial sources (excluding semi-official)
Sufficient-Good
Some sources
Comprehensive
Range of sources, some with extensive data
Belgium
Lithuania
Austria
Netherlands
Cyprus
Luxem
Denmark UK
Czech Rep
Malta
Finland
Estonia
Poland
France
Greece
Portugal
Germany
Hungary
Slovenia
Spain
Ireland
Slovakia
Italy
Sweden
Latvia

9. What can we conclude from official data collection mechanisms?
According to ‘data’ - there is very little racist crime in many Member States !
People are not reporting racist crime
Official and unofficial bodies don’t record reports/incidents of racist crime
Data collection mechanisms not in place and/or not working
Low political focus

10. Action at National & European Level

11. Responding to sparse data
Improve official data collection on racist crime
Improve legislative responses
Develop alternative measuring instruments
Fund and promote research
DEVELOP VICTIM SURVEYS

12. Victim Surveys – Focusing on Minorities
UK/US/Canada – State-sponsored only where data collection on ethnicity normalised
British Crime Survey includes a non-White booster sample of 4,000 – 5,000
EU ICVS asks about self-identified immigrant status and religion
one hate crime question – very small sample

13. EUMC Pilot Victim Surveys
Testing survey application in 6 countries
Testing sampling and methodology
Four MSs (+ Bulgaria & Romania)
Selected immigrant and minority groups’ experiences of (racist) crime and policing
Involvement of NFPs

14. EUMC Pilot Victim Surveys Sampling and Methodology
Standardised pre-coded questionnaire
Rigorous multi-stage random sampling
Standardised statistical analysis of results

15. EUMC Pilot Victim Survey - Status
Screener and questionnaire finalisation
Translations
Application in the field October 2006
Results due early summer 2007
Findings to inform Commission, Parliament
Test-bed for future surveys