1. Student: Taariq Ghansar Supervisor: Prof Bagula
Smart Agriculture
Internet of Things in Motion
Term 2: Design
Student: Taariq Ghansar
Supervisor: Prof Bagula

2. Analysis Summary Large consumption of water in agriculture
Water conservation techniques
Keeping track of soil moisture through IoT sensors
Sensing multiple parts of an agricultural land
There is a large consumption of water. Water allocation for agriculture in South Africa is 60 percent according to the department of water affairs.

3. Design Contents User Interface High Level Design Low Level Design
Prototype Demo
Questions & Answers

4. User Interface

5. High Level Design

6. 1. Data Collection Single Gateway Multiple Sensor Nodes
Low Level Design
1. Data Collection
Single Gateway
Arduino Yun programmed to request & retrieve data from the Sensor Nodes.
Light-weight Linux Linino OS
Multiple Sensor Nodes
Arduino Unos fitted with sensors to collect data on request:
Soil Moisture
Temperature
Humidity

7. 1. Data Collection Low Level Design
ZigBee is an IEEE Wireless Personal Area Network protocol. [1]
Low cost, low bandwidth & low power requirements. Suitable for IoT sensor networks.
ZigBee Star Topology
Gateway: Coordinator
Sensor Nodes: End device

8. Low Level Design
2. Transport Data
Drone or Wi-fi access point

9. 3. Processing + Storage Low Level Design
Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is an ISO standard (ISO/IEC PRF 20922). [2][3]
Broker and Clients design
Simple “publish” and “subscribe” messaging model.
A server model that works above the TCP/IP layers.
Use Paho, a client implementation to MQTT. [4]
Paho have python libraries, useful to connect and insert data into the database.
Database to support the application layer.
TCP – Transport Layer
IP – Network Layer

10. 3. Processing + Storage Database UML Low Level Design
TCP – Transport Layer
IP – Network Layer

11. 4. Visualisation Low Level Design
Create a website for user application.
Retrieve data from the database of the middleware layer.
Use the data to visualise line graphs.
TCP – Transport Layer
IP – Network Layer

12. Prototype Demo
TCP – Transport Layer
IP – Network Layer

13. Questions and Answers
TCP – Transport Layer
IP – Network Layer

14. References
[1] Baronti, Paolo, et al. "Wireless sensor networks: A survey on the state of the art and the and ZigBee standards." Computer communications 30.7 (2007):
[2] Banks, A., & Gupta, R. (2014). MQTT Version  OASIS standard.
[3] Tantitharanukul, N., Osathanunkul, K., Hantrakul, K., Pramokchon, P., & Khoenkaw, P. (2016, December). “Mqtt-topic naming criteria of open data for smart cities.” In Computer Science and Engineering Conference (ICSEC), 2016 International (pp. 1-6). IEEE.
[4] O'Leary, N. "Paho-Open source messaging for m2m." Eclipse Paho’s MQTT(2014).