1. A Time of Crisis Unit 2 Part 6
TYWL: How do religions influence political power and create cultural unity in European Regions?
I can: identify how all religions are similar. I can trace & give examples of how beliefs influence actions.

2. Question of the Day 11 What was one direct result of the Crusades?
Trade increased between Europe and the Middle East.
Islamic kingdoms expanded into Europe.
Arabs and Christians divided the city of Jerusalem between them.
Alexander the Great became a powerful leader in Eurasia.

3. Spread of the Black Death
Croup failures, war, & plague
1347, the bubonic plague spread to Europe. In the end, 1 in 3 Europeans had died.
1347 a Genoese trading ship landed in Messina, Sicily, bring the Black Death to Europe.
The Bubonic plague was spread by fleas carried on rats.
Mongol armies conquered Asia they brought the new epidemic.

4. Social and Economic Decline.
The Black Death Caused
Social and Economic Decline.
Social Effects
Economic Effects
Some people: turned to magic & witchcraft for cures.
Being punished by God a curse
Normal life broke down.
Jews blamed & persecuted.
Pop. Decline--Production declined.
Surviving workershigher wages. inflation, or rising prices, broke out.
Result peasants revolted.
Villagers forced to look for work in the towns.

5. Upheaval in the Church
spiritual crisis, scandal, & division to the Roman Catholic Church.
Survivors questioned why God had spared some & killed others.
No strong leadership in the Church.
John Wycliffe the Bible was the source of Christian truth, not the Church. He & his followers translated the Bible into English.
Jan Hus would call for reforms.
The Church prosecuted Wycliffe--burned at the stake.
Priests & monks died during the plague.

6. Turning Points of the Hundred Years’ War
Between 1337 and 1453, England and France fought the Hundred Years’ War.
CAUSES
Turning Points of the Hundred Years’ War
English rulers--keep the French lands Norman ancestors.
French kings--extend power in France.
Fighting started,
economic rivalry
growing sense of national pride
Joan of Arc: From 1429 to 1431, Joan rallied French forces to victory. Captured by British, tried for witchcraft & burned at the stake.
Cannon: helped French
In 1337, Edward III claimed the French crown.
Longbow
English armies: longbow shoot 3 arrows to 1 French crossbow arrow
capture English-held castles & defeat England’s armies. French defeated Normandy w/ the cannon.

7. EFFECTS France, national feeling grew & kings expanded their power.
England, Parliament gained the “power of the purse,”.
Monarchs now needed large armies instead of feudal vassals.
The longbow & cannon made soldiers more important therefore knights & castles became obsolete.