1. Narrative Perspective
The writer’s Point of View

2. Dialogue and Narration
Dialogue = when characters speak.
Narration = when the narrator speaks.
“Quotation marks” separate narration from dialogue.
Example
“Help” my cousin Jack said.

3. Identifying Narrative Perspective
It's about the narrator (who tells the story)
We're not looking at dialogue.
We don't care what characters say.
Only the narrator's voice matters.

4. Perspectives and Signal Words
Pronoun Case
We are trying to figure out the narrator's view point on the story.
Perspectives and Signal Words
First-Person
I, me, my, mine, we, us, ours,
Second-Person
you, your
Third-Person
he, she, her, they, them
(also character's names)

5. “I am in the room”
I = 1st Person
“You come in the room.”
You = 2nd Person
“Then he or she came in the room.”
He or She = 3rd Person

6. I went home. Tim came over. I couldn't use the computer.
First-Person
The narrator is a part of the story (a character).
First person often uses I or we.
Examples:
I went home. Tim came over. I couldn't use the computer.

7. Second-Person
Usually for instructions.
Uses “You”; from “your” perspective.
Examples:
First, gather your materials. You must add 1 cup sugar to the flour.

8. Third-Person Thoughts and Feelings of Characters
The Narrator usually isn’t involved.
Tells other people's stories.
Lots of “He,” “She,” & character names.
There are 3 types of Third-Person narration
They depend on whether the narrator tells the reader the
Thoughts and Feelings of Characters

9. Third-Person Omniscient
Narrator is all knowing.
Narrator tells thoughts and feelings of more than one character.
Omni = All Scient = Knowing
Example:
Tim was mad at Shay. He blamed her. Shay knew Tim would be mad, but she wanted to live her life.

10. 3rd-Person Omniscient: Two or more characters’ thoughts.
Oh, I like Chris.
I like Elma.
Ok.
Elma
Chris
Want to go with me?
3rd-Person Omniscient: Two or more characters’ thoughts.

11. Third-Person Limited Narrator is limited to one character.
Tells thoughts & feelings of one character
Example:
Tim was mad at Shay. He blamed her. Shay just left without saying anything. She left a note and then left him.

12. 3rd-Person Limited: One character’s thoughts.
I like Elma.
Ok.
So, you want to go with me?
Chris
Elma
3rd-Person Limited: One character’s thoughts.

13. Third-Person Objective
Narrator does not reveal any character’s thoughts or feelings.
Only character’s dialogue and actions are narrated.
Example:
Tim slammed the door. He walked upstairs and read a note from Shay. He kicked her waste paper basket and started crying.

14. 3rd-Person Objective: No characters’ thoughts.
So, you want to go with me?
Ok.
Chris
Elma
3rd-Person Objective: No characters’ thoughts.

15. Tips on Identifying
Check 1st or 2nd-person before worrying about objective, limited, or omniscient.
Ask, “Who’s story is the narrator telling: his, mine, or someone else’s?”
Focus on narration, not dialogue.

16. Practice 1
Write down a sentence for each of the different viewpoints ( 1st person, 2nd person and three types of 3rd person).

17. Practice 2 Read a passage. Determine the narrator’s perspective.
Write down your answer.
Check your answer with someone else.