1. Chapter 9-1
The Human Population

2. Warm-up
Industrial and scientific revolution:
Mostly due to increases in:

3. Studying Human Populations
Demography:
The historical size and makeup of the populations of countries to make comparisons and predictions.
Economics and social structure  properties that affect population growth

4. Studying Human Populations
Developed vs. Developing countries

5. Studying Human Populations
Developed countries:

6. Studying Human Populations
Developing countries:

7. Age structure Age structure:
High growth rate = more young people than older people.
Slow growth rate/no growth = even distribution of ages in the population.

8. Population pyramids
Age structure can be graphed in a population pyramid (Double sided bar graph)
Typical age structures for countries that have different rates of growth:

9. survivorship Survivorship:
Study a group of people born at the same time and note when each member of the group dies.

10. survivorship

11. survivorship
Type I:
Type II:.
Type III:

12. Fertility rates
Total Fertility rate (TRF):
Replacement Level Fertility Rate (RLFR):

13. Fertility rates in the us over time

14. migration Migration: immigration and emigration.
Populations of many developed countries might be decreasing if not for immigration.

15. migration
Migration between and within countries is a significant part of population change

16. Declining death rates
Earth’s human population explosion has happened because death rates have declined more rapidly than birth rates.

17. Declining death rates

18. Life expectancy
Life expectancy:

19. Life expectancy

20. The demographic transition
Observed in the history of more-developed countries.
Industrial development causes economic and social progress that then affects population growth rates

21. Stages of The demographic transition

22. Stages of demographic transition
Stage 1 (Preindustrial)
Stage 2 (Transitional)

23. Stages of demographic transition
Stage 3 (Industrial)
Postindustrial (Stage IV)

24. Stages of The demographic transition

25. Factors related to a decline in birth rate:
Women and fertility
Factors related to a decline in birth rate:
increasing education and economic independence for women.
lower death rate of Stage II is usually the result of increased levels of education.
Educated women have fewer children
Family planning techniques