1. SIMPLE PAST TIME EXPRESSIONS SPELLING RULES
Completed actions or habits in the past (no connection with the present)
Ex. Last night I watched a movie on tv
Two weeks ago / Last night/ Yesterday
Duration in the past
Ex. They talked for two hours
for two hours /all day, night morning…
Series of completed actions
Ex. I went to London, bought a camera and took some pictures
When clauses (the when sentence happens before the main sentence)
Ex. When Mark woke up, he shaved
2 syllables ending in vowel+cons
– final stress: 2 cons + ed es. prefer-r-ed
-no final stress:-ed es. transfer-ed
Verbs ending in silent e: - d
Es. move-d, like-d
Verbs ending in vowel + y: - ed
Es. played
SPELLING RULES
1 syllable ending in vowel+cons: 2 cons + ed
Es. stop-p-ed, nod-d-ed
Verbs ending in cons. + y: - ied
Es. studied

2. SIMPLE PAST
Other Verbs
AFFIRMATIVE
NEGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE

3. IRREGULAR VERBS CHANGE COMPLETELY CHANGE PARTIALLY DON’T CHANGE
HAVE – HAD – HAD
BECOME – BECAME- BECOME
BRING – BROUGHT –BROUGHT
BUY-BOUGHT-BOUGHT
CATCH – CAUGHT – CAUGHT
COME –CAME –COME
FIND – FOUND – FOUND
GET – GOT – GOT
HOLD – HELD –HELD
LAY –LAID- LAID
RUN –RAN -RUN
SAY –SAID –SAID
SELL –SOLD –SOLD
………
CUT – CUT – CUT
HIT - HIT – HIT
HURT- HURT – HURT
SHUT –SHUT - SHUT
SET – SET – SET
…………..
BE – WAS – BEEN
DO – DID – DONE
BEGIN – BEGAN – BEGUN
BLOW – BLEW –BLOWN
BREAK – BROKE –BROKEN
DRINK – DRANK –DRUNK
DRIVE – DROVE –DRIVEN
FLY- FLEW –FLOWN
GIVE – GAVE –GIVEN
KNOW –KNEW – KNOWN
SEE – SAW –SEEN
SPEAK –SPOKE - SPOKEN
TAKE - TOOK – TAKEN
………….

4. PAST CONTINUOUS Ex. Yesterday at 3 p.m. I was working
Long action in the past over a specific time
Ex. Yesterday at 3 p.m. I was working
Long action in the past interrupted by a short action in the simple past
Ex. When I was walking, I met your mother
While I was walking, I met your mother
Actions happening at the same time
Ex. When I was studying, he was cooking
Annoying habits in the past (always)
Ex. Nobody liked hime because he was always shouting

5. Auxiliary verb: TO BE AFFIRMATIVE WAS/WERE + ING FORM NEGATIVE
INTERROGATIVE