1. The Gathering of Voices
English III
Unit I

2. Timeline 1492: Columbus lands in the Bahamas
1500s: Horses introduced to North America
1565: St. Augustine, Florida becomes the fist permanent settlement in America (Spanish)
1590: Iroquois Confederacy established to stop warfare among the Five Nations.
1607: Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement, is founded.
1620: Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock, Massachusetts.

3. 1636: Harvard College is founded
1639: First printing press in English speaking North America arrives in Massachusetts.
1647: Massachusetts establishes free public schools.
1692: Salem witchcraft trials result in the execution of 20 people and 1 dog.
1741: Great Awakening, series of religious revivals.
1741: Jonathan Edwards delivers sermon, Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God.

4. The Native Americans
No one really knows for sure how the first Native Americans can to North America. As early as 70,000 BC or as late as 10,000 BC.
No written stories of the Native Americans exist. All were told orally until finally written down in the last 200 years.
Native Americans usually greeted the early settlers as friends.
Native Americans helped the early settlers in the ways of woodworking and agriculture.

5. Pilgrims and Puritans
Arrived in 1620, religious reformers who wanted to “purify” the Christian church.
Like the Plymouth colony, the Massachusetts Bay Colony was found by religious reformers (Puritans).
Puritans tried to establish a model community guided in all aspects by the Bible (Theocracy).

6. Puritan Central Beliefs
Human beings exist for the glory of God
The Bible is the sole expression of God’s will.
Predestination (idea that God has already decided who will achieve salvation and who will not).
Must continually search your soul for signs of God’s grace.
Can accomplish good only through continuous hard work and self-discipline.

7. The Southern Planters
Whereas the northern colonies were established for religious freedom, the southern colonies were established for profit.
Plantations were large scale agricultural enterprises and the center of commerce.
The first black slaves were brought to America in The plantation system and slavery were closely connected from the beginning.

8. Early American Literature
Native American Tradition
Explorer’s Accounts
Religious Doctrines and Texts.

9. McCarthyism vs. Witch Trials
1950’s America
Sen. Joe McCarthy
Red Scare
Threat to livelihood
Arthur Miller
1692 Salem, Mass.
Puritan Community
Witches/Satan
Threat to livelihood
The Crucible

10. Methods of Witch-Hunting