1. Physical and Chemical Properties Notes

2. Physical Properties
Can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied

3. Types of Physical Properties

4. The rate at which a substance transfers heat
Thermal Conductivity
The rate at which a substance transfers heat

5. Magnetism
Property of some materials to attract iron or objects containing iron

6. The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance
Solubility
The ability of a substance to dissolve in another substance

7. State
The physical form in which a substance exists, such as a solid, liquid, or gas.

8. The ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire.
Ductility
The ability of a substance to be pulled into a wire.

9. Electrical Conductivity
Describes how freely charges can move in a material.

10. Malleability
The ability of a substance to be rolled or pounded into thin sheets.

11. Melting point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid at a given pressure
water = 0oC
32°F

12. Boiling point
The temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a gas at a given pressure
water = 100oC
212°F

13. Specific Heat
The amount of energy needed to change the temperature of 1 kg of a substance by 1°C

14. Density
Is the mass per unit volume of a substance
D=M V

15. Color
Used to identify a substance
Observed
Absence of color

16. Identify a substance by the way it smells or does not smell
Odor
Identify a substance by the way it smells or does not smell

17. Physical Change
Does not change the composition of a substance only the physical property

18. Evidence of Physical Change
Change in state
Example: Melting of cheese
Evaporation of water
Sublimation of air freshener
Change in size
Example Cutting, Tearing,
and Breaking
Change in shape
Example Dissolving,
Stretching or Wrinkling

19. Chemical Properties
Describe matter based on its ability to change into new matter that has different properties

20. Types of Chemical Properties

21. Flammability/Combustibility
The ability of a substance to burn.

22. Reactivity
The ability of two or more substances to combine and form one or more new substances

23. Reactivity Oxygen Quickly produce light and heat
Slowly produces rust on iron and apples turn brown

24. Reactivity
Acid
A substance’s ability to react with an acid and form a new substance.

25. When dissolved in water will produce hydrogen ions H+
Acidity
When dissolved in water will produce hydrogen ions H+

26. When dissolve in water produces hydroxide ions OH-
Basicity
When dissolve in water produces hydroxide ions OH-

28. Chemical Change
Results in the formation of one or more new substances with new chemical and physical properties

29. Indicators of a chemical change:
Evolution of Light
Evolution of Heat
Temperature Change
Evolution of gas
Bubbles
Color Change
Oxygen reacts with iron and turns it red
Formation of precipitate
2 solutions are added together and form a solid

30. Examples of a Chemical Changes
Burning
Digesting food
Reacting with other substances
A chemical change is called a chemical reaction