1. Speech Content: The Proper Components of a Speech
Information Communication
& Technology
Mr. Zimmerman

2. Overview: Contents of a Speech
Introduction
Body
Conclusions
Click on each of the main titles, and follow the links to the slides containing information about the components of a speech.

3. Introduction Attention Getter
A catchy introduction to your speech that gives the audience reason to listen to your speech. Every speech should begin with one.

4. Introduction Attention Getting Techniques
Ask a direct or rhetorical question
Quote
Story
Hypothetical scenario
Startling statement or statistic

5. State the Relevance of the Topic
Introduction
State the Relevance of the Topic
Establish why the topic should be of importance to your audience.
If you can show the audience how your topic directly effects them, they will listen!

6. Establish your Credibility
Introduction
Establish your Credibility
Let the audience know why you are knowledgeable on the subject and the experience you have with the topic.

7. EXAMPLE OF CREDIBILITY
Introduction
EXAMPLE OF CREDIBILITY
I have gained the knowledge of the basics of rock climbing through the experiences I have attained in the last 10 years of recreational climbing, and currently hold the PA free climbing
record in my age group.

8. Introduction Preview Statement This statement tells the audience
what you will talk about in your presentation…but doesn’t give away
any of your details.

9. Introduction Preview Statement Examples GOOD EXAMPLE:
Today I will focus on the basics of indoor rock climbing including proper attire, equipment, and local places to try out your skills.
BAD EXAMPLE:
Today I will talk about rock climbing.

10. Introduction Thesis Statement Make it audience centered
The audience should know the topic, the purpose, and that it’s of interest to them.
Reflect a single topic
If multiple topics are given, it can be confusing to the audience.
It MUST be the last sentence in the introduction

11. Introduction Thesis Statement Examples GOOD EXAMPLE:
By the end of my presentation, you will know the basics of indoor rock climbing and be ready to grapple to new heights in no time.
BAD EXAMPLE:
Today I will talk about rock climbing.

12. Are you afraid of heights? Are you a thrill seeker? (Attention Getter)
Full
Introduction Example
Are you afraid of heights? Are you a thrill seeker? (Attention Getter)

13. Full Introduction Example
Well if you are, you may be interested in one of my hobbies… indoor rock climbing. (Relevance)

14. Full Introduction Example
I have gained the knowledge of the basics of rock climbing through the experiences I have attained in the last 10 years of recreational climbing, and currently hold the PA free climbing record in my age group. (Credibility)

15. Full Introduction Example
By the end of my presentation, you will know the basics of indoor rock climbing and be ready to grapple your way to new heights in no time.
Today I will focus on the basics of indoor rock climbing including proper attire, equipment, and local places to try out your skills. (Thesis)

16. Overview: Contents of a Speech
Introduction
Body
Conclusions
Click on each of the main titles, and follow the links to the slides containing information about the components of a speech.

17. Body Components Main Points
The areas that were previewed in the introduction as the “main” ideas of the speech.
*Should begin with topic sentences.
*Should give interesting details that keep the audience engaged.

18. Body Components Guidelines
Discuss 2-5 main points throughout the whole speech.
Each main point should be explained in detail.
Time should be balanced between all of your main points, giving each one equal time.
Should incorporate any visual aides during this time.

19. Body Components Transitions
Signal to the audience that one point is ending and another point is beginning.
Wrap up one point and introduce the next point- link them together.

20. GOOD TRANSITION EXAMPLE equipment a person would need to
Body Components
Transition Examples
GOOD TRANSITION EXAMPLE
Now that we’ve discussed the proper attire for climbing, let’s focus our attention on the important
equipment a person would need to
get the job done.

21. BAD TRANSITION EXAMPLES
Body Components
Transition Examples
BAD TRANSITION EXAMPLES
Next we need to discuss equipment.
The second main point that I will talk about is equipment.

22. Body Example
To begin indoor rock climbing, a person should be wearing the proper attire. (Main Point Topic sentence)
The first part of attire a person should plan to wear is athletic clothes that aren’t too baggy. (Detail 1)
Explain shirt and pants and safety concerns dealing with clothing.
Overheating
Indoor rock climbers should also plan to wear climbing shoes. (Detail 2)
Specific shoes designed for indoor climbing
Different types
Show example of climbing shoes-visual aid
The final thing that climbers should plan to do is tie back their hair, if that is an issue for them. (Detail 3)
Longer hair
Safety issues
Now that you’ve learned what to wear to participate in indoor rock climbing, next you’ll need to know about what equipment you’ll need. (Transition)

23. Special Language
Special Language helps to develop the topics you are describing to your audience. (Similes, Metaphors, Imagery, etc.)
Special language helps to make your presentation more meaningful or developed through using literary devices to develop ideas in more depth

24. Special Language Examples Using Detail 1
To begin indoor rock climbing, a person should be wearing the proper attire. (Main Point Topic sentence)
The first part of attire a person should plan to wear is athletic clothes that aren’t too baggy. (Detail 1)
A baggy shirt can be like a death trap to climbing because it can get caught in the climbing obstacles or equipment such as ropes. (Simile)
So, wear layers, but too many layers can result in you feeling hotter than an overheating engine. (Metaphor)
Most climbing gyms are cool inside; so, a cooler shirt with a warmer shirt on top may be the best layering system for comfort. (Imagery)

25. Examples
Examples are what provides your audience details about a particular part of your presentation in order to help them grasp it better. (Pictures or physical items)
Physical items are usually the best choice for an example because the audience can see the item or touch it.
Pictures in a presentation also work as appropriate examples.
Other examples may include verbal explanations but these are the least effective.

26. Inappropriate versus Appropriate attire
Examples Using Detail 1
Pictures can be used as good examples to bring across a point. Visual aids (a baggy sweat shirt versus layering items would be appropriate for this presentation).
Inappropriate versus Appropriate attire

27. Personal Anecdotes
An anecdote is a short story, usually serving to make the listeners laugh or ponder over a topic. Generally, the anecdote will relate to the subject matter that the group of people is discussing. (Short Story)
Anecdotes should…
Bring cheer.
Reminisce.
Bring caution.
Persuade or aspire.

28. Personal Anecdotes Example Using Detail 2
To begin indoor rock climbing, a person should be wearing climbing shoes. (Main Point Topic sentence)
Indoor rock climbers should also plan to wear climbing shoes. (Detail 2)
Specific shoes designed for indoor climbing
Different types
Show example of climbing shoes-visual aid - picture
Now, some of you may think, “I’m not going to wear shoes that make me look like a ballerina. Climbing shoes are weird , and I’ll never wear them.” I thought the same thoughts when I first started climbing. I just wore sneakers. However, eventually, I found myself constantly slipping and unable to place my sneakers certain places on the rock wall; so, I decided to get a pair of rock climbing shoes. The differences were almost unbelievable. I’m still puzzled and amazed at how “gripy” the climbing shoes are. (Anecdote)
–visual aid 2 -actual shoes

29. Facts/Statistics
A fact is something that is true or has been proven correct. (Usually supported with a cited source)
A statistic involves numerical data collection. (Usually supported with a cited source)

30. Facts/Statistics Example Using Detail 3
To begin indoor rock climbing, a person should tie their hair back (Main Point Topic sentence)
The final thing that climbers should plan to do is tie back their hair, if that is an issue for them. (Detail 3)
According to the book entitled Accident/Incident Prevention Techniques, “long hair could catch in [climbing equipment and could become]… harmful” (Reese 206). (Fact)
The book Climbing Safely states that “one percent of climbing accidents result from improper personal safety which is not limited to tying back hair, taking off dangly earrings, or removing other jewelry that may pose a risk” (Jones 115). (Statistic)
In general, think before you climb. Prepare to climb safely by tying long, loose hair, removing jewelry, etc.
Now that you’ve learned what to wear to participate in indoor rock climbing, next you’ll need to know about what equipment you’ll need. (Transition)

31. Relevance/Connections to Audience
Find ways to make your speech meaningful and connect the speech to the audience. Your job when speaking is to make your topic relevant. (Think of relevant connections)

32. Relevance/Connections to Audience Using Topic of Climbing
Appeal to those that like physical activity. (Connection)
Appeal to those that like a challenge. (Connection)
Compare to a common activity like gaming – explain how climbing like gaming involves completing different tasks and achieving new things. (Relevance)

33. Other Speaking Strategies
Repeating words or phrases to emphasize a point. (Repetition)
Analogy usage – comparing two things to aid comprehension. (Climbing to a jungle gym)
Compare/contrast to develop a concept or idea. (Compare climbing to climbing a tree as a child. Contrast climbing with a non-physical activity)

34. Overview: Contents of a Speech
Introduction
Body
Conclusions
Click on each of the main titles, and follow the links to the slides containing information about the components of a speech.

35. Conclusion Components
Signal the presentation is ending
In conclusion…
To conclude…
Let’s summarized what we’ve learned…
In summary…

36. Conclusion Components
Restate the Thesis
(in a different order than you did in the beginning)

37. Conclusion Components
Summarize your main points
But do so without going into details

38. Conclusion Components
End with a statement that relates back to the introduction

39. BAD CONCLUSION EXAMPLE
Today we discussed rock climbing. Well, that’s it.

40. BAD CONCLUSION EXAMPLE
Today we discussed attire, equipment, and local places to rock climb. Okay, that’s all I have.

41. BAD CONCLUSION EXAMPLE
Today we discussed the basics of rock climbing. Now you can rock climb too.

42. GOOD CONCLUSION EXAMPLE
Let’s think back to the basics of indoor rock climbing that you’ve learned today: We focused on proper attire and equipment and local places where you can try out your skills.
(Signal/Review of Main Points)
With this knowledge, you should be able to grapple your way to new heights in no time. (Restatement of Thesis)
So if you aren’t scared of heights, or are dying to get your adrenaline pumping, perhaps indoor rock climbing is just the thing for you.
(Relate back to introduction)