1. 3.3.2 Moving-average filter
Moving-window averaging filter
= Moving-average (MA) filter
3.3.1
Synchronized average
 Ensemble average
3.3.2
Moving averaging
 Temporal (time) average
Ergodic : Temporal statistics may be used instead of ensemble statistics

3. Signal flow graph
Figure 3.15

4. An example
Figure 3.16

5. Suitable for PCG and EMG
Not suitable for ECG (attenuation not high enough)
Figure Magnitude and phase response of the Hanning filter

6. Fs = 1 kHz
Moving window
Fs = 1 kHz

7. M = 8
Fs = 1 kHz
60 Hz
500 Hz

8. M = 26
60 Hz

9. M = 101
60 Hz

10. Frequency response of MA 8, 26, 101

11. Effect of N
Fs = 1 kHz
Original
MA 8
MA 26
MA101

12. Transfer function of MA8

15. Transfer function of MA101

16. Signal flow graph

17. Estimation of signal frequency

18. Figure 3.18

19. Figure 3.19

20. Figure 3.20

21. Figure 3.21