1. United Nations is… “All” 192 Founded after Meets in _____________?
Works to resolve problems, keep peace AND to improve bad conditions that lead to war
“Has” troops (really uses troops from member countries)
(if ___________________agree)
NATIONS OF THE WORLD
WW II
New York
“Top” 15 countries

2. - terrorists based in Afghanistan (terrorists allowed by Taliban)
1991
2001
2003
Saddam Hussein
(Iraq)
9/11
Attacks in USA
- terrorists based in Afghanistan
(terrorists allowed by Taliban)
Iraq “speaks” dangerously
takes over
Kuwait UN
Invades Afghanistan goes after Al Qaeda
U.S.
Invades Iraq (against UN demands) UN
pushes
Iraq out
(back to Iraq)
Concern:
Terrorism
Concern:
Control of World’s Oil
Concern:
????
Initially WMDs,
now “vacuum effect”
Also: WMDs!!

3. Saddam’s Motives? ?

4. so…. Consider... US = 5% of world’s population,
but consumes about 30 % world’s resources.
and
70% of the world's oil was threatened by Saddam.
so….

5. 1991 2001 2003 Saddam Hussein (Iraq) takes over Kuwait UN pushes
Sometime during the 1990s
2001
2003
Saddam Hussein
(Iraq)
Saddam Hussein… ….calls the
US & Europe the devil
…kills some of his fellow Iraqis with WMDs
…is supposed to allow UN inspections for MWDs
takes over
Kuwait UN
pushes
Iraq out
(back to Iraq)
ALSO…
Radical Muslims attack the World Trade Center & fail
Concern:
Control of World’s Oil
Also: WMDs!!

6. WMD’s - Weapons of Mass Destruction Nuclear Chemical Biological
(blows things up)
Chemical
(burns living things )
Biological
(not immediate,
causes bodies to be eaten up from inside out)
FACT: Saddam was known to have used these weapons in his own country against the Kurdish people

8. - terrorists based in Afghanistan (terrorists allowed by Taliban)
1991
2001
2003
Saddam Hussein
(Iraq)
9/11
Attacks in USA
- terrorists based in Afghanistan
(terrorists allowed by Taliban)
Iraq “speaks” dangerously
takes over
Kuwait UN
Invades Afghanistan goes after Al Qaeda US
Invades Iraq (against UN demands) UN
pushes
Iraq out
(back to Iraq)
Concern:
Terrorism
Concern:
Control of World’s Oil
Concern:
????
Initially WMDs,
now “vacuum effect”
Also: WMDs!!

9. We (US) invade Iraq (against U.N. decisions)
WHY?
To find the WMDs that Saddam may use on US!

11. What is the connection between Iraq and Osama?

12. NONE!!…
Because they were fighting for different reasons!

13. POWER ($)!!!!
Saddam:…
(political)
Osama:…
Kill the devil (that’s YOU!)
(religious)

14. No link has ever been made between Saddam and Osama
Bottom line….
No link has ever been made between Saddam and Osama
ok, maybe one…

15. “DESERT STORM”
PERSIAN GULF WAR ( )

16. WHAT ABOUT KUWAIT’S GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION WOULD APPEAL TO IRAQ?
ITS STRATEGIC LOCATION ON THE PERSIAN GULF WHICH IS THE OIL “HIGHWAY” OF THE MIDDLE EAST
THE MIDDLE EAST

17. BACKGROUND TO CONFLICT
IRAQ NEARLY BANKRUPT:
IN DEBT TO KUWAIT WHO FINANCED WAR AGAINST IRAN
IRAQ CONSIDERED KUWAIT AN IRAQI PROVINCE
ACCUSED KUWAIT OF “SLANT-DRILLING” INTO IRAQI OIL FIELDS

18. U.S. RELATIONSHIP WITH IRAQ
GENERALLY STABLE, BUT U.S. HAD SEVERAL CONCERNS:
IRAQ WAS AN ALLY OF THE USSR
IRAQ WAS CRITICAL OF ISRAEL
IRAQ SUPPORTED SEVERAL ISLAMIC TERRORIST GROUPS
U.S. PREFERRED THAT IRAQ WIN THE WAR AGAINST IRAN
SADDAM BELIEVED THE U.S., SAUDI ARABIA, & KUWAIT WERE CONSPIRING AGAINST IRAQ’S ECONOMY

19. THE INVASION AUGUST 2, 1990 – IRAQ ATTACKS & OCCUPIES KUWAIT
IRAQI MILITARY COMMITS ABUSES
IRAQ ANNEXES KUWAIT
IRAQI FORCES MOVE TOWARD THE BORDER OF SAUDI ARABIA, A U.S. ALLY

20. “GUESTS” OR “HUMAN SHIELDS”?
SADDAM REFUSED TO ALLOW SOME WESTERNERS TO LEAVE IRAQ
HE CLAIMED THEY WERE “GUESTS MOST OF THE WORLD VIEWED THEM AS “HUMAN SHIELDS” FOR IRAQ

21. ENTER THE UNITED NATIONS
U.N. CONDEMNS THE INVASION:
DEMANDS IRAQ WITHDRAW BY
PLACES ECONOMIC SANCTIONS ON IRAQ
AUTHORIZES THE USE OF FORCE

22. OPERATION “DESERT SHIELD”
FEAR THAT IRAQ WOULD INVADE SAUDI ARABIA
U.S. TROOPS MOVE INTO SAUDI ARABIA TO PREVENT AN INVASION
CALLED OPERATION DESERT SHIELD

23. BUILDING A COALITION
U.S. ASSEMBLES A COALITION (TEMPORARY ALLIANCE) OF OVER 30 NATIONS TO OPPOSE IRAQ:
SOME CONTRIBUTE MILITARY FORCE OTHERS GIVE $
INCLUDES SOME ARAB COUNTRIES

24. REASONS FOR U.N. & U.S. INTERVENTION
VIOLATION OF KUWAITI SOVEREIGNTY
SUPPORT FOR SAUDI ARABIA (U.S. ALLY & KEY SUPPLIER OF OIL**)
HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES
IRAQ HAD:
BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS
A NUCLEAR WEAPONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

25. U.S. LEADERS SEC. OF DEF. CHENEY PRESIDENT BUSH CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT
CHIEFS COLIN POWELL
GENERAL “STORMIN’”
NORMAN SCHWARZKOPF

26. THE COALITION STRIKES BACK
IRAQ DOES NOT WITHDRAW BY THE ULTIMATUM DATE OF
ON THE COALITION BEGAN MASSIVE OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS AGAINST IRAQ:
CODE NAMED OPERATION DESERT STORM

27. STRIKE FROM THE SKY!
COALITION LAUNCHED MASSIVE AIR CAMPAIGN AGAINST IRAQ:
DESTROYED IRAQI RADAR & AIRFIELDS
BOMBED IRAQI CAPITAL OF BAGHDAD
DESTROYED DAMS AND ELECTRICAL PLANTS
MANY CIVILIAN CASUALTIES

28. U.S. NAVY JOINED THE AIR ATTACKS
RADAR GUIDED CRUISE MISSILES
CARRIER AIR STRIKES

29. STEALTH ATTACKS STEALTH TECHNOLOGY AIRCRAFT
WERE USED FOR THE FIRST TIME IN COMBAT
BAGHDAD UNDER NIGHT STEALTH ATTACK

30. POWs IRAQIS SHOT DOWN MANY COALITION AIRCRAFT
POWs WERE OFTEN MISTREATED
SOME WERE SHOWN ON IRAQI TELEVISION & FORCED TO READ STATEMENTS CRITICAL OF THE WAR

31. WHAT ABOUT ISRAEL?
IRAQ ATTEMPTED TO DESTROY THE COALITION BY GOADING ISRAEL TO JOIN THE CONFLICT AND ALIENATING SOME ARAB COUNTRIES
IRAQ LAUNCHED MISSILES AGAINST ISRAEL
U.S. PERSUADED ISRAEL TO STAY OUT OF THE CONFLICT AND SENT MISSILES TO HELP ISRAEL’S AIR DEFENSES

32. ISRAEL UNDER ATTACK

33. PATRIOT AIR DEFENSE MISSILES

34. GROUND ASSAULT! COALITION LAUNCHES MASSIVE ATTACK INTO IRAQ ON 2-24-91
IRAQI TANKS & TROOPS NO MATCH FOR COALITION
IRAQIS SUFFER HUGE LOSSES
COALITION FORCES MOVE TO SURROUND IRAQI FORCES IN KUWAIT

37. U.S. FORCES IN ACTION

38. HIGHWAY OF DEATH
IRAQI FORCES TRYING TO ESCAPE FROM KUWAIT WERE SLAUGHTERED BY COALITION AIRPOWER

40. "EVEN IN VIETNAM I DIDN'T SEE ANYTHING LIKE THIS. IT'S PATHETIC. "
"EVEN IN VIETNAM I DIDN'T SEE ANYTHING LIKE THIS. IT'S PATHETIC." — MAJOR BOB NUGENT ARMY INTELLIGENCE OFFICER

41. IRAQI VENGEANCE
RETREATING IRAQIS LEFT BEHIND AN ENVIRONMENTAL NIGHTMARE:
SET OIL WELLS ON FIRE
DUMPED OIL INTO THE PERSIAN GULF

42. THE FIGHTING ENDS
100 HOURS AFTER THE GROUND ATTACK BEGAN PRESIDENT BUSH DECLARED A CEASE-FIRE
LESS THAN 300 AMERICANS KILLED

43. GULF WAR CONTROVERSIES
“HIGHWAY OF DEATH” ATTACKS TOO HARSH?
ERROR TO ALLOW SADDAM TO REMAIN IN POWER?
BEYOND SCOPE OF U.N. MANDATE
COALITION WOULD HAVE LOST MEMBERS
WOULD HAVE REQUIRED LONG-TERM OCCUPATION OF IRAQ
FAILURE OF COALITION TO PROTECT IRAQ’S KURDISH POPULATION FROM SADDAM’S REVENGE AFTER THE WAR
RETURNING COALITION SOLDIERS REPORTED ILLNESSES AFTER THE WAR:
CALLED GULF WAR SYNDROME

44. RETURNING SOLDIERS GREETED POSITIVELY (UNLIKE VIETNAM)
RESULTS
KUWAIT LIBERATED
RETURNING SOLDIERS GREETED POSITIVELY (UNLIKE VIETNAM)
“FEEL GOOD” WAR FOR AMERICANS:
TO SOME EXTENT ERASED THE GHOSTS OF VIETNAM
AMERICAN TECHNOLOGY WORKED (MOSTLY)
WAS QUICK AND COST FEW U.S. LIVES
CONSEQUENCES FOR IRAQ:
IRAQI NO-FLY ZONES ESTABLISHED
GREAT PHYSICAL DAMAGE
ECONOMIC SANCTIONS IMPOSED
U.N. SPONSERED WEAPONS INSPECTIONS
INCREASED ISLAMIC EXTREMISM:
ESPECIALLY AGAINST SAUDI ARABIA (VIEWED AS BEING ON SAME SIDE AS ISRAEL AND TOO CLOSE TO U.S.)

45. WHAT IS THE IDEA OF THIS CARTOON?

46. WHAT IS THE IDEA OF THIS CARTOON?
GULF WAR CARTOON
WHAT IS THE IDEA OF THIS CARTOON?

47. CONNECTION TO THE PRESENT
HOW DOES THIS CARTOON CONNECT THE FIRST GULF WAR WITH THE CURRENT CONFLICT IN IRAQ?