1. THE CARBON CYCLE

2. Bell ringer 11/14 Announcements:
On the top of your note sheet there is a section titled “In Food Webs”
Try to fill in the blanks on your own. Use a pencil, in case you need to change anything later.
Announcements:
There will be a large quiz next Tuesday (11/22/16) that will count.
Science Club meets on Wednesday!

3. Review of Food Webs In food webs:
Energy is taken from the sun by plants
Through photosynthesis, plants turn the sun’s energy into glucose
Primary consumers eat the plants, and turn it into ATP (usable energy for their cells) through the process of cellular respiration.

4. Energy is moving from one organism to another
Energy is moving from one organism to another. This is what the arrows represent.
All the energy originally comes from the sun

5. Energy is lost at each trophic level as the plants and animals use the energy in their bodies to make them work. Only 10% of the energy is passed on.
Organisms with the most energy are found at the bottom of the pyramid.

6. Energy is not the only thing being passed along
Materials such as water, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen are passed from one organism to another as well. We will start by focusing on carbon…

7. Today’s Essential Question
How does photosynthesis and respiration work together in an ecosystem to sustain life?

8. What Is Carbon? An element
It has 4 bonding sites so it can grab on and attach to a lot of other elements to form different things like carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon atom
Carbon dioxide:
1 carbon atom + 2 oxygen atoms

9. Carbon All life on earth is made of carbon!
It makes up what we call biomass.
Also found in non-living things such as rocks, oceans, and the atmosphere.
The lead in your pencil is made of a type of carbon called graphite.

10. Plants give O2 and sugar to human
The Inner Carbon Cycle
Plants Breathe
in CO2 from human and take in other carbon from the soil that we poop out or from decaying bodies.
Plants give O2 and sugar to human
Humans & other organisms get carbon by eating the plant & oxygen by breathing.
Humans give CO2 to plant.

11. Energy, Hydrogen, & Oxygen are also moving through this cycle

12. Plants Use Carbon Dioxide
Plants pull carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.
Using sunlight with the CO2 they make glucose (C6H12O6).
This process is photosynthesis.
Part of the glucose can be used by the plant as food to build the plant (cellulose).
The rest of carbon is given off as CO2 from cellular respiration. (Remember plants go through both photosynthesis & cellular respiration!)

13. Animals Eat Plants
When organisms eat plants, they take in the carbon and some of it becomes part of their own bodies.
They generate CO2 from cellular respiration(break down of glucose) and exhale CO2 into the atmosphere.
They also poop out some of the carbon.

14. Animals Eat Animals
When organisms eat animals, they take in the carbon and some of it becomes part of their own bodies.
They generate CO2 from cellular respiration (break down of glucose) and exhale this CO2 into the atmosphere.

15. Plants and Animal Die
When plants and animals die, most of their bodies are decomposed and carbon atoms are returned to the atmosphere.(CO2)
Some are not decomposed fully and end up as deposits underground
They become oil, coal, etc.
These are called fossil fuels
Fossil fuels =Carbon

16. Check for Understanding:
Starting with the sun, describe what is going on in this diagram:

17. Answer today’s Essential Questions:
How does photosynthesis and respiration work together in an ecosystem to sustain life?
How will knowing all this information help you better design your Mars colony to be sustainable?
Do the research: How many plants will be necessary to provide your colonists with enough oxygen and energy to sustain your colony?

18. Bell ringer /15
Fill in the boxes at the right with the correct steps of the carbon cycle. 1 4 2 3

19. Can Cellular Respiration Occur without oxygen?
What is yeast? Yeast is alive, but comes in jars and vacuumed sealed packs. How is it possible that it is still alive? How does it get its energy?
Make a claim.
Your claim should be accurate, specific, and completely answer the question.
You will be completing a lab to provide evidence for this claim.
You will set up your lab and while it is running, you will answer the questions on your sheet.
It must be accurate, specific, and completely answer the question.

20. Yeast Lab Set-up
You will be given a sheet with instructions that tell you specifically how much sugar and yeast to add for your group. Make sure that you only add those amounts!
Identify the independent, dependent variables and controls in this experiment.
How will you know if the yeast is really going through cellular respiration?

21. Bell ringer /16
What was causing the balloons to get larger yesterday?
What was this evidence of?
Why did some of the balloons not get larger of?
Announcements:
Large Quiz next Tuesday (11/22)
Science Club after school today!

22. ©2013 Educurious Partners. All rights reserved. www.educurious.org
Bell Ringer /11
With a partner, get a test tube out of the lab. Make observations about what the colored liquid in the tube looks like.
Use the straw to blow bubbles into the liquid.
Describe what happened.
Why do you think that would happen?
Do you think that all living things would have the same response? Why or Why not?
Announcements: Finals are next week!
Only 12 days until summer break!! You will get the final review guide on Friday!
©2013 Educurious Partners. All rights reserved.

23. Collect Class Data 1 2 3 4 5 6:5 packs 6-2 8-4 9-3 5 min 10 min 15 min13 2 12 14 3 11 16 17 20 4
14.5 15
15.5 5 23 26
26.5
6:5 packs 22 27
28.5
6-2
15.4 28
8-4 6 7 8
9-3
21.5 30

24. Collect Class Data 1 2 3 6:5 packs 7-1 8-3 5 min 10 min 15 min 20 min4 5 6 2 14 16 3 23 26 29 18 24 25 15 28 30
6:5 packs 20
7-1 7
8-3 35

25. Based on your data from your experiment
Make a claim saying which group was the best at going through cellular respiration. (For you, what does best mean?)
What evidence is there from the data that supports the claim.
What reasoning can you provide of why this is the best group?

26. Food Web Model

27. Carbon Cycle Model

28. Model Rough Draft Model Of Your Colony Rough Draft:
Appropriate Sections to support all the needs of your colony
Description of what each section does
Description of what is in each section
Labeled Inputs and outputs of each section
How the carbon cycle is at work in your colony
How a food web is at work in your colony
A trophic energy pyramid

29. Bell ringer 11/18
From the lab we can see that yeast can go through cellular respiration without using oxygen.
Is that a good thing though?
Read the article on Aerobic (with oxygen) vs. Anaerobic respiration (without oxygen) and fill in the venn diagram.

34. Bell Ringer
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
Is this an aerobic or anaerobic process? How can you tell?
What would happen to the cow if the cherry tree died due to climate change?

35. Bell ringer 9/30
Identify what goes on the arrows below to complete the diagram.
Announcements:
There will be a quiz on climate v. weather, climate change v. greenhouse effect, and carbon cycle on Friday!

36. ©2013 Educurious Partners. All rights reserved. www.educurious.org

37. We can use this apparatus to measure the rate of photosynthesis. How?
9C Faster photosynthesis
How fast does a plant photosynthesise? This question is very important to farmers and growers.
light source
oxygen collects
test tube
water
pondweed (Elodea)
beaker
funnel
We can use this apparatus to measure the rate of photosynthesis. How?
We might count the oxygen bubbles per minute, or collect the gas given off in one minute and measure its volume.
What would happen if we increased the light level?

38. bubbles of oxygen per minute
9C Faster photosynthesis
Here are some results from the pondweed experiment.
light level
bubbles of oxygen per minute
very high 24
high 22
medium 15
low 7
very low
What effect does light have on the rate of photosynthesis?
What would happen if we put a layer of oil on the water?
This stops carbon dioxide from the air dissolving in the water.

39. Respiration and photosynthesis are like a pair of energy twins.
9C Meet the energy twins
Respiration and photosynthesis are like a pair of energy twins.
oxygen + glucose
sunlight energy
photosynthesis
respiration
carbon dioxide + water
energy released
How do these energy twins work together to keep our atmosphere in balance?
Where would we be without sunlight and green plants?

40. Grandma & the Coyote

41. Assignment
Complete Matter Cycles Packet pages 1 & 2.