Lesson 1: UAS Aircraft Registration

Lesson 1: UAS Aircraft Registration
Prof. H. Paul Shuch, Ph.D., CFII LSRM-A/GL/WSC/PPC, iRMT Heavy Chief Flight Instructor, Director of Maintenance AvSport of Lock Haven FAA Safety Team Lead Representative Piper Memorial Airport, Lock Haven PA Presentation Copyright © 2017

A FAASTeam WINGS Award Seminar
Presentation Copyright © 2017

Brought to you by: Wings of Williamsport Piper Memorial Airport
AvSport of Lock Haven Your FAA Safety Team Presentation Copyright © 2017

OBJECTIVES: Upon successful completion of this lesson, you will:
Understand the terms UAS, UAV, RPV and Drone Comply with the provisions of 14 CFR Parts 48 and 107 Follow the Small UAS registration regulations Integrate your drone safely into the airspace Distinguish between hobby and commercial operations Know Before You Fly! Presentation Copyright © 2017

FAA REGULATORY AUTHORITY

(Huerta v. Pirker, NTSB unanimous ruling, 18 Nov 2014)
UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES ARE AIRCRAFT (Huerta v. Pirker, NTSB unanimous ruling, 18 Nov 2014) Presentation Copyright © 2017

Unmanned Aircraft (UA) are Aircraft
Model Aircraft Drones Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) Remotely Piloted Vehicles (RPV) UAS are defined as a system They are made up of the unmanned aircraft, remote controlling device, and the pilot We have all heard the following terms: Model Aircraft, Drones, UA, UAV, Remotely Piloted Aircraft, Quadcopter, etc. The FAA considers all of these as aircraft. Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems or sUAS, at a minimum, consist of the unmanned aircraft, the remote controlling device and the pilot. The FAA has broken the sUAS into two groups. Model Aircraft covers the Recreational/Hobbyist sUAS and Non-Model Aircraft covers the 14 CFR part 107 Commercial Aircraft Operations. Part 107 will not be covered in this presentation. Presentation Copyright © 2017

U.S. airspace is public space UAS are aircraft subject to regulation
FAA Authority U.S. airspace is public space 49 U.S.C. §40102(a)(1) UAS are aircraft subject to regulation 49 U.S.C. §40102(a)(6); 14 CFR 1.1; PL §331, §336 An aircraft is any device used for flight. UAS must comply with regulations that apply to all aircraft Some state and local laws may impact UAS The FAA has exclusive authority to manage the airspace and civil aircraft operations. This is codified in congressional law. This includes UAS, model aircraft, from the surface to the edge of space. There are several regulations that state “no person may operate an aircraft unless…” So there are enforceable rules UAS must follow. There are state or local restrictions that do impact some UAS operations. Like the TV man used to say “Check local listings” Presentation Copyright © 2017

Subpart A—General 48.1 Applicability. 48.5 Compliance dates.
14 CFR PART 48—REGISTRATION AND MARKING REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALL UNMANNED AIRCRAFT Subpart A—General 48.1 Applicability. 48.5 Compliance dates. 48.10 Definitions. 48.15 Requirement to register. 48.20 Eligibility for registration. 48.25 Applicants. 48.30 Fees. 14 CFR part 48 Subpart A covers the General information for applicability, requirements, and eligibility for registration. Presentation Copyright © 2017

PART 48—REGISTRATION AND MARKING REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALL UNMANNED AIRCRAFT
Subpart B—Certificates of Aircraft Registration for Small Unmanned Aircraft Application. Requirement to maintain current information. Registration: Persons intending to use small unmanned aircraft for purposes other than as model aircraft. Registration: Individuals intending to use the small unmanned aircraft exclusively as a model aircraft. Invalid registration. Foreign civil aircraft. 14 CFR Subpart B deals with the Registration Certificate requirements for currency, model aircraft use, invalid registrations etc. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Subpart C—Aircraft Marking 48.200 General.
PART 48—REGISTRATION AND MARKING REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALL UNMANNED AIRCRAFT Subpart C—Aircraft Marking General. Display and location of unique identifier. 14 CFR part 48 Subpart C discusses aircraft marking addresses the proper display and approved locations of the registration number. Presentation Copyright © 2017

The FAA has legal authority to regulate
Model aircraft operations Piloted aircraft operations Commercial drone operations All aircraft operations None of the above Presentation Copyright © 2017

MODEL AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS

MODEL AIRCRAFT / UAS Presentation Copyright © 2017
Model aircraft are considered sUAS Model aircraft operations are for hobby or recreational purposes only. The recreational community has changed as aircraft have become more accessible – in the past, model aircraft enthusiasts would build and fly their aircraft. Today, it is easy to visit a hobby shop or go online to purchase a highly advanced piece of technology which requires no aviation knowledge or experience. While many traditional model aircraft operators do follow the guidelines established by the FAA and promoted by national or local branches of a recreational club, many of these new users are unfamiliar with these guidelines, and are more likely to create safety risks. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Fly for hobby/recreation only
PL Section 336 states that in order to be considered a model aircraft the operator must: Fly for hobby/recreation only Operate in accordance with a community based organization’s safety guidelines Give way to manned aircraft at all times Notify the airport and control tower if flying within 5 miles of the airport Section 336 has operating restrictions to be a modeler. It requires that the aircraft be: Flown strictly for hobby or recreational use. Operated in accordance with a community based set of safety guidelines. An example of a community-based organization with a set of safety guidelines would be the Academy of Model Aeronautics; the AMA. They have a robust set of safety guidelines, and have been very active in safe operations for many decades. Less that 55 pounds. That includes everything on the aircraft at takeoff. The exception: the aircraft is limited to not more than 55 pounds unless otherwise certified through a design, construction, inspection, flight test, and operational safety program administered by a community-based organization; Always yield right-of-way to manned aircraft – I can’t over emphasize this. When flying within 5 statute miles of an airport, the operator of sUAS has to provide the airport operator and the air traffic control tower, if there is one, with prior notice of the operation. If you’re flying from a permanent location within 5 miles of an airport, it’s a good idea to establish a mutually-agreed upon operating procedure with the airport operator and the airport air traffic control tower. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Interpretive Rule FAA published guidance in June 2014 after incidents involving reckless use of unmanned model aircraft near airports and large crowds of people This guidance clarifies that: Model aircraft must satisfy the criteria in the Public Law to qualify as model aircraft and to be exempt from future FAA rulemaking action Consistent with the law, if model aircraft operators endanger the safety of the NAS, the FAA has the authority to take enforcement action against those operators for safety violations Not a new regulation – interpreting the language of section 336 so that everyone will have a common understanding of the law and existing rules Strictly for hobby or recreation – no business or financial gain, or incidental to a business Must notify ATC when flying within 5 miles of an airport with a tower Flying over the objection of ATC or airport operators may be considered endangering the safety of the NAS FAA expects modelers to know the FAA’s existing safety regulations – intended to prevent endangerment to safety Does not limit the FAA’s authority to take enforcement action against those who endanger the safety of the NAS FAA will investigate reported incidents and determine if enforcement is necessary Goal to make sure operators are given standard information on how to comply with regulations Full Interpretation of the Special Rule for Model Aircraft can also be found on the FAA’s UAS Integration website – Presentation Copyright © 2017

FAA registration is required for which of the following drones?
Those weighing less than 0.55 pounds Those weighing more than 55 pounds Those weighing between 0.55 and 55 pounds All drones must be registered No drones need be registered Presentation Copyright © 2017

FAA registration is required for which of the following drones?
Those weighing less than 0.55 pounds Those weighing 55 pounds or more Those weighing between 0.55 and 55 pounds All drones must be registered No drones need be registered Presentation Copyright © 2017

DRONE REGISTRATION PROCEDURES

Registration of your Small UAS
Under current law, 49 U.S. Code § 44103, all aircraft are required to be registered prior to operation outdoors Public Law defines UAS as “aircraft” and thus requires registration Let’s take a look at the registration process 14 CFR Part 48 contains the relevant regulations Presentation Copyright © 2017

Registration Go to the website: https://registermyuas.faa.gov
For the Recreational/Hobbyist or Model Aircraft sUAS pilot, when you register, you are registering yourself not the sUAS. Once you are registered you can add any number and type of sUASs in your profile. You will mark each of your sUAS vehicles with your unique registration number. Presentation Copyright © 2017

For Model aircraft registration click on the Model Aircraft button. Starting March 31st, owners of small unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) used for commercial, public and other non-model aircraft operations will be able to use the FAA’s new, streamlined, web-based registration process to register their aircraft. The web-based process will significantly speed up registration for a variety of commercial, public use and other users. Use of the small UAS for commercial, public and other uses as Non-Model Aircraft, the FAA is encouraging new owners who are registering for the first time to use the new, web-based registration system. Owners who register under the new system can easily access the records for all of the aircraft they have registered by logging into their on-line account. Small UAS owners who have registered under the web-based system who intend to use their aircraft for purposes other than as model aircraft will also need to re-register to provide aircraft specific information. Presentation Copyright © 2017

BREAKING NEWS: Registration of Model Aircraft is No Longer Required (but still a good idea.) In the landmark case Taylor vs. FAA (19 May 2017), Washington DC Federal Court ruled that the registration requirements adopted by FAA in 2015 violated a 2012 law passed by Congress Fill in the required profile information. Don’t forget to scroll down to the bottom of the screen. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Congratulations you have registered your sUAS! Put your registration number on your sUAS. If there is no suitable location on the outside of your sUAS then it is acceptable to put the number in a battery compartment if it is accessible with out the use of tools. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Which of the following is not true?
Your drone must receive a registration number Your registration number must be placed on your drone Your registration number must be recorded in the battery compartment You must pay a fee for registering your drone You must carry proof of registration when operating your drone Presentation Copyright © 2017

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS

Current Safety Concerns – Unsafe UAS Operations
Reports from pilots in flight of UAS operations near airports/manned aircraft Greater awareness has led to increased reporting Detailed reports enable the FAA to investigate if necessary Reports of UAS flying during sporting events TFR FDC NOTAM 4/3621 issued to restrict all aircraft operations around major sporting events, stadiums seating 30,000 people TFR specifically cites UAS as aircraft Reports of UAS flying over wildfires TFRs around West Coast wildfires restrict UAS operations Due to more sUAS flights, and better reporting, near mid-air collisions and incidents have come to the forefront of aviation safety. It reveals the increased risk sUAS present to the National Airspace System and the need for careful integration. At the beginning of football season, there was a rash of sUAS flying over football games. These flights present very serious safety and security concerns. Law enforcement agencies and the FAA are working together to prevent and if needed, respond to sUAS flights inside sporting event Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs). Violators are subject to criminal and civil penalties. No Drone Zone campaign started during last year’s Super Bowl – we’ll discuss this a little later. Model aircraft, sUAS and helicopters all operate in generally the same lower region of our airspace. The FAA is trying to inform each group of the potential conflicts that could and have occurred. These conflicts impact safety and effective operations. The 2015 Fire Season had several instances where fire suppression operations were suspended due to unauthorized sUAS operations in the fire fighting TFR. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Education, Compliance and Enforcement
FAA’s primary approach to new UAS operators is education FAA has authority to take enforcement action against any persons who operate a UAS: In violation of Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) In a manner that endangers the safety of the National Airspace System (NAS) or people and property on the ground Enforcement could include: FAA civil penalties and/or subject to local statutes In line with the new Compliance Philosophy the FAA has been reaching out to the public to inform all that UAS is an aviation industry and must act accordingly with regard to aviation safety rules. So, if someone does violate any CFRs, or if they endanger the NAS or people and property on the ground or in the air while flying their sUAS, they could be subject to enforcement from the FAA. That could result in a warning notice, a letter of correction, certificate action, or even a civil penalty. Presentation Copyright © 2017

Know Before You Fly Campaign
Provides prospective UAS users with information and guidance to fly safely and responsibly Founding members: Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI), Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA) and the Small UAV Coalition FAA reached voluntary agreements with UAS manufacturers to include guidance materials in packaging DJI, Parrot and Yuneec Electrical Aviation Know Before You Fly is an education campaign founded by the Association for Unmanned Vehicle Systems International (AUVSI), the Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA), and the Small UAV Coalition in partnership with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) to educate prospective users about the safe and responsible operation of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS). As excitement and enthusiasm continues to grow around sUAS, and the regulatory framework continues to take shape, more consumers are looking to buy sUAS for personal use. These prospective operators want to fly, and fly safely, but many don’t realize that, just because you can buy a sUAS, doesn’t mean you can fly it anywhere, or for any purpose. Know Before You Fly provides prospective users with the information and guidance they need to fly safely and responsibly. Supporters include: AOPA, Airlines for America, ASA, CEA, EAA, Futaba, Hobbico, Horizon Hobby, National Association of Realtors, NBAA Presentation Copyright © 2017

B4UFLY Mobile App Designed to provide model aircraft situational awareness of any restrictions or requirements prior to flight iOS and Android versions now available Key features of the B4UFLY app include: A clear "status" indicator that immediately informs the operator about the current or planned location. Information on the parameters that drive the status indicator A "Planner Mode" for future flights in different locations Informative, interactive maps with filtering options Links to other FAA UAS resources and regulatory information The B4UFLY app, aimed primarily at model aircraft enthusiasts, is designed to give users information about restrictions or requirements in effect at their current or planned flight location. Many unmanned aircraft users today have little or no aviation experience, and some of them are flying where they could endanger manned aircraft. B4UFLY will give these flyers the tools and knowledge they need to operate safely. Key features of the B4UFLY app include: A clear “status” indicator that immediately informs operators about their current or planned location. Information on the parameters that drive the status indicator. A “Planner Mode” for future flights in different locations. Informative, interactive maps with filtering options. Links to other FAA UAS resources and regulatory information. Screenshots of the app are available at Presentation Copyright © 2017

No Drone Zone Campaign Education campaign to inform people where they cannot fly No Drone Zones include: DC Flight Restricted Zone Wildfires Super Bowl Papal Visit Other DC Events Tied directly with TFRs Show up on B4UFly Digital toolkit of outreach materials available to partners Presentation Copyright © 2017

Points to Remember Before Flying
Do a preflight inspection Register your UAS before you fly outdoors Fly below 400 feet If you fly with a local club, fly according to your aero-modeling community based safety guidelines Though not required, try to take lessons before you fly Fly within line-of-sight of your aircraft Don’t fly near manned aircraft Presentation Copyright © 2017

Don’t fly within 5 miles of a towered airport without notifying ATC or the airport owner for a non-towered airport Don’t fly near people, stadiums or emergency response efforts e.g. wildfires etc. Don’t operate in a careless or reckless manner. You could be fined/jailed if you endanger people, property or other manned aircraft. All aircraft share the same airspace Presentation Copyright © 2017

sUAS model aircraft flown for hobby or recreation only – no commercial operations, compensation of any sort unless authorized by the FAA Be aware of FAA airspace requirements: Never fly under the influence of alcohol, drugs or any other impairment Use the FAA B4UFly App or other industry apps to check on restricted airspace. Presentation Copyright © 2017

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