1. Mid-Term Review
Day 3

2. Topic 14: The Cell Cycle
45. Meiosis = form of cell division that creates gametes (sex cells) a. Stages of division – two stages – Mieosis I & II b. Products of meiosis = 4 genetically unique haploid cells c. Crossing over = increases genetic diversity by having homologous chromosomes swap small sections of genes d. Independent assortment = increases genetic diversity because each the division of each chromosome does not depend on the other chromosomes being divided

3. Topic 15: Cancer
46. Causes of cancer = No proper checks in the cell cycle occur, carcinogens, genetic predisposition
47. Define cancer = unregulated cell growth (mistake is replicated in cells)
What is binary fission? When simple cells (like prokaryotes) try to divide they don’t have separate stages as part of this process. Simple replicate and pull apart. (not very complex – so it’s effective)

4. Topic 16: Genetics
49. Basic terminology a. Dominant – allele the is shown if even one copy appears b. Recessive – alleles is shown only if two copies appear c. Heterozygous – different alleles (Aa or Bb or Hh) d. Homozygous (dominant and recessive) – alleles are the same (AA or aa , BB or bb, HH or hh) e. Genotype – two allele letters showing genes f. Phenotype – physical description of the alleles (tall/short) g. Law of dominance – rule that states the dominant allele takes over when alongside a recessive allele

5. Topic 16: Genetics
50. Complete dominance – set up and solve problems using this form of inheritance a. What phenotype do heterozygous genotypes have?

6. Topic 16: Genetics
51. Dihybrid cross – set up and solve problems using this method

7. Topic 16: Genetics
52. Incomplete dominance – set up and solve problems using this form of inheritance a. What phenotype do heterozygous genotypes have?

8. Topic 16: Genetics
53. Codominance – set up and solve problems using this form of inheritance a. What phenotype do heterozygous genotypes have?

9. Topic 16: Genetics
54. Sex-linked traits – set up and solve problems using this form of inheritance a. Why can only females be considered carriers?

10. Topic 16: Genetics
55. Pedigrees – use and trace recessive traits through multiple generations

11. Any Final Questions?

12. Test Taking Tips Don’t “cram” the night before
Don’t lose sleep – get some rest
Eat breakfast if possible
Relax – this test isn’t the end of the world
You have over a minute per question
Take advantage of the extra credit question (free points y’all)

13. End of Review