1. The Earth, the Sun, & the Moon
Ms. Anderberg’s 8th Gr. Science
MS-ESS1-1 Develop and use a model of the Earth-sun-moon system to describe the cyclic patterns of lunar phases, eclipses of the sun and moon, and seasons. (SEP: 2; DCI: ESS1.A, ESS1.B; CCC: Patterns)

2. And now for an important message. . .

3. The Earth Earth rotates on its tilted axis
Each rotation of the Earth is a day
The Earth completes a revolution around the sun
Each revolution around the sun is a year

4. The Earth (2) Earth’s tilted axis causes the seasons
Earth’s travel around the sun changes the sunlight in each hemispheres
Equinox: the sun shines equally on the north and south hemisphere
Half light-half dark
Solstice: the sun’s light is at a maximum in one hemisphere and a minimum in the other

5. Equinoxes and Solstices: WHEN?
EQUINOX or SOLSTICE
NORTHERN SEASON
SOUTHERN SEASON
March
Equinox
Spring
Fall
June
Solstice
Summer
Winter
September
December

6. The Moon The moon is satellite orbiting Earth
The moon’s rotation takes 29 days
The moon’s revolution around the earth takes 29 days
This means the same side of the moon is ALWAYS facing the Earth

7. The Moon (2) New – when the moon appears in shadow
Waxing – when the moon is growing towards full
Full – when the lit side of the moon is facing the Earth
Waning – when the moon is shrinking towards new
Crescent – when the moon has only a sliver illuminated
Quarter – when half of the visibly face of the moon is illuminated
Gibbous – when more than a quarter of the moon is illuminated (but less than full)

8. Eclipses
Penumbra – the outer part of a shadow such as the shadow cast by Earth or the moon in which sunlight is only partially blocked
Umbra –a shadow that blocks sunlight, such as the conical shadow of the Earth or the moon
Eclipse – an event in which the shadow of one celestial body falls on another
Lunar – when the moon is blocked from the sun’s light by the earth
Solar – when Earth’s view of the sun is blocked by the moon

9. Make sure you know all of this information!

10. Resources
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