1. SCPASS Review
4.E.3: Astronomy

2. The model above shows objects in the solar system
The model above shows objects in the solar system. Which of the following is represented by the object labeled 5?
Saturn
Jupiter
Earth
Neptune
B- Have students identity which number represents the other planets.

3. Based on the model below which statement is true?
The North Pole is having Fall.
The North Pole is have Winter.
The North Pole is having Spring.
The North Pole is having Summer.
B- have students explain how they know this is true using evidence from the model. N pole is pointing away from the Sun’s rays.

4. The diagram below illustrates how the Sun appears to move across the sky throughout the day. This appearance of movement is caused by which of the following?
A; Have students use logical reasoning to eliminate the other answer choices.
The Earth’s rotation
The Earth’s revolution
The Moon’s rotation
The Moon’s revolution

5. The model below shows the eight planets of the solar system in order from the Sun. Which of the following statements describes a difference between the planet labeled 2 and the planet labeled 8?
Planet 2 is a rocky planet, and planet 8 is a gaseous planet.
Planet 2 is an outer planet, and planet 8 is an inner planet.
Planet 2 orbits the Sun, and planet 8 orbits Earth.
Planet 2 is farther from the Sun than planet 8.
A- have students eliminate other answer choices using logical reasoning. B- outer planets are the 5-8, inner planets are 1-4. C- All planets orbit the Sun. D- planet 2 is closer to the Sun than planet 8.

6. Earth rotates on its axis. One complete rotation is equal to
One day
One year
One season
One moon phase
A- Have students discuss why one day is divided into day and night.

7. Daniel created a model to classify the eight planets in the solar system into groups. Which of the following would be the best title for Group 2? Select 3 correct answers and explain.
Inner planets
Outer planets
Rocky planets
Gaseous planets
Large planets
Small planets
Group 1
Venus
Earth
Mercury
Mars
Group 2
Jupiter
Neptune
Uranus
Saturn
B, D, E; have students explain what is meant by each label.

8. Which of the following describes the relationship between the moon and the Sun?
The moon reflects the Sun’s light creating the moon phases.
The moon revolves around the Sun causing day and night.
The Sun revolves around the moon causing ocean tides.
The moon rotates around the Sun causing seasons.
A- have students use logical reasoning to eliminate the other answer choices. B- the moon revolves around Earth. C- The Sun does not revolve. D- rotation is the spinning on an axis, Seasons are caused by Earth’s tilt and revolution around the Sun. The moon does not have seasons because it does not have an atmosphere.

9. Which model below best represents the sequence of the moon phases?
A- Have students name each phase, and use evidence from the models to eliminate other answer choices.

10. One calendar year on Earth is equal to 365 days
One calendar year on Earth is equal to 365 days. Which of the following statements explains the 365 day calendar year?
The amount of time it takes Earth to revolve.
The amount of time it takes Earth to rotate.
The amount of time it takes the moon to revolve.
The amount of time it takes the moon to rotate.
A- Have students explain how the revolution of Earth is related to the calendar year.

11. Which of the following would be the best title for the model below?
Source of light and energy
Causes weather conditions and seasons
Energy in fossil fuels
Energy for photosynthesis
Title
Earth
The Sun
The Moon
The Solar System
B- Have students discuss how each answer choice is or is not related to the items listed in the model.

12. Dan wanted to look at the craters on the moon
Dan wanted to look at the craters on the moon. Which of the following would Dan most likely use to observe the moon?
Microscope
Telescope
Binoculars
Magnifying lens
B- telescope. Students can use logical reasoning to eliminate other answer choices or they can give examples of how they might use the other instruments.

13. The model below shows the eight planets of the solar system
The model below shows the eight planets of the solar system. Which of the following statements is a similarity of all eight planets?
All of the planets are made of rocks.
All of the planets are made of gases.
All of the planets revolve around the Sun.
All of the planets are the same distance from the Sun.
C- have students eliminate other answer choices. They can also identify planets that are rocky and planets that are gaseous.

14. The image below shows the shadow of a house at 8:00 in the morning
The image below shows the shadow of a house at 8:00 in the morning. Which of the following best predicts how this shadow will be different at 10:00 in the morning?
The shadow will not change.
The shadow will be shorter.
The shadow will be longer.
There will be no shadow.
B- Have students explain why the shadow will change in this way (as soon rises higher in sky shadow becomes shorter). Students can also predict how the shadow might appear at other times of the day (noon- shorter or no shadow; after noon the shadow will shift to the right side of the house as the sun moves to the left and the shadow will grow longer).

15. The model below best demonstrates which of the following
The model below best demonstrates which of the following? Select 2 correct answers.
The rotation of Earth.
The revolution of Earth.
The phases of the moon.
The ocean tides.
The seasons.
B & E; have students justify the correct answer with evidence from the model. They can also describe what models of the other answer choices might look like.

16. The chart below compares the characteristics of 3 objects in the solar system. Which of the following could be added to the list of characteristics for object 2?
Object 1
Star
Center of solar system
Object 2
Orbits Earth
No atmosphere
Object 3
Planet
Rocky surface
Other planets revolve around it
Atmosphere of gases
Gives off light
No water
Have students first identify each object 1-Sun, 2- moon, 3- earth. Then they can discuss what characteristic best fits the Moon= D. Students can also match other characteristics to the correct object. A- Sun, D- Earth & the Sun, C- Sun

17. The Earth rotates from West to East
The Earth rotates from West to East. Which of the following explains how Earth would be impacted if it rotated from East to West?
The moon would never be full.
Earth’s seasons would be reversed.
The Sun would appear to rise in the West.
Ocean tides would rise three times each day.
C- Have students use logical reasoning to eliminate other answer choices. Allowing students to discuss and engage in scientific argument to speculate on other impacts this change might have (moon phases, day and night) will increase rigor and student understanding. Models demonstrating this change would increase students understanding.

18. The moon phase modeled below represents which of the following?
Full moon
New moon
Quarter moon
Crescent moon
D- have students describe what a model of the other phases would look like.

19. The calendar month is most closely related to which of the following?
The ocean tides.
The revolution of Earth.
The rotation of the Sun.
The phases of the moon.
D- have students explain how the calendar month is related to the phases of the moon (29 ½ days for the moon to revolve around Earth). Students should also use logical reasoning to eliminate other answer choices. A- Ocean tides are caused by the moon’s pull on Earth. B- The revolution of Earth is related to the seasons. C- The Sun does rotate, but that rotation does not impact the calendar month.

20. Which of the instruments below might a scientist use to study the planets?
C- Have students give examples of what they might use the other instruments for.