1. Contraception

2. Contraception What is contraception?
Methods or devices used to prevent pregnancy

3. Safe sex versus safer sex
The term “Safe sex” is misleading.
No sex is the only truly safe sex.
Protected sex can be referred to as “safer sex”
Things to know/do
Partner’s sexual history
Drug use
Ask questions

5. The only known way to prevent any kind of sexually transmitted infections is to abstain from sexual contact.
What strategies do you think would be effective in selling contraception to teenagers?
Marketing Strategy?

6. Choices Abstinence – not having sex
100% effective in preventing STI’s and Pregnancy
One in five Americans have genital herpes, yet at least 80 percent of those with herpes are unaware they have it
About 50 percent to 80 percent of US adults have oral herpes OR Herpes simplex Virus . (JHU)

7. BARRIER METHODS
Barrier Methods – Physical barrier to stop sperm from coming into contact with an egg
Diaphragm, Cervical Cap, Female Condom

8. PROTECTION Male Condoms
Thin cover that fits over an erect penis, sperm is deposited into condom instead of vagina.
Latex or Polyurethane
Over – the – Counter
Put on before penis touches female genitalia
Protects against STD’s
98% Effective
Storage is key!
How?

9. PROTECTION Spermacide (2) – Chemicals that kill sperm
Foams, Creams, Gel
Inserted into vagina before sex
Water- Based, Not Oil
Oil damages latex
Spermicidal Lubricant

10. Hormonal Methods
Hormonal Method – Doses of hormones to prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation
Birth Control Pills – Prevents ovulation by suppressing the natural hormones that would stimulate an ovary to release an egg
99% effective when taken properly, taken daily
Does not protect against STD’s and HIV/AIDS
Prevents implantation of a fertilized egg to the uterine wall
Using antibiotics can lower effectiveness of pill

11. IUD Hormonal Non-Hormonal Release progestin Inserted into uterus
Thicken cervical mucus, endometrium does not grow, reduces menstrual bleeding.
Non-Hormonal
Copper acts as spermicide, weakening the sperm or destroying it.
Can also be considered barrier method

12. PREVENTING PREGNANCY The Patch
Injectable – Shots that contain hormones to prevent pregnancy
Every 3 Months
99% effective
Does not protect against STI’s
The Patch
Similar to nicotine patch
Releases hormone that prevent ovulation
Nuvaring – Vaginal ring folded & inserted high into the vagina
Release hormone
Replace every 3 weeks
Use condom back - up

13. Surgical Vasectomy (Men) Tubal Ligation (Women)
Cutting of Vas Deferens
Prevent release of sperm during Ejaculation
Permanent
After 1-2 months 99.85% effective.
Tubes Tied
Banded, cauterized, tied and cut
Permanent
5 out of 1,000 women after 1 year. 5 years following tubal ligation, about 13 out of 1,000 women will have become pregnant

14. Natural Methods Hope Use Effectiveness Theoretical Effectiveness
The calendar rhythm method- calculating a woman's fertile period on the calendar. Calculated by last 12 menstrual periods to avoid ovulation.
5 days before ovulation
Day of
1 day after
Withdrawal
75%-80%
1 out of 22 couples
Hope
Use Effectiveness
How well a BC method works in “Typical use” taking into consideration human error and other non ideal factors
Theoretical Effectiveness
How well a BC method works when it is used correctly and when all other conditions are ideal “perfect use”

15. Method
Use Effectiveness
(Actual Use)
Theoretical Effectiveness
(Perfect Use)
Evra Patch
92%
99.7%
BC Pill
Nuvaring
IUD
99.2%
99.4%
Diaphragm & Spermicide
84%
94%
Male Condom Alone
85%
98%
Tubal Ligation
99.5%
99.9%
Vasectomy
99.85%
Withdrawal
73%
96%
No Method (Chance)
15%

16. STI’S Herpes Gonorrhea Vaginal, anal, or oral sex
Can also be transmitted from partner who does not have a visible sore or may not know he or she is infected
FOR LIFE- cannot be cured
Gonorrhea
Men & Women
Infections to genitals, rectum, throat

17. STI’s Syphilis HPV Highly contagious
Spread through vaginal, oral, or anal
Can be spread from kissing or close bodily contact
HPV
Human papillomavirus
Can lead to cancer (especially cervical cancer)
Skin to skin contact
Most common STI

18. STI’s

19. Genital Herpes

20. Gonorrhea

21. Syphilis