1. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

2. The Enlightenment or
The Age of Reason
1500s – 1600s

3. Magic and mysticism ruled scientific thought in the Middle Ages
Magic and mysticism ruled scientific thought in the Middle Ages. Most people believed that earth was the center of the universe, as taught by the church. In the 1600s there would be several new ideas that would completely change the way people thought.

5. Copernicus
* Began to question superstitions & old beliefs
*He believed the sun was the center of the universe and the earth moved around it.

6. * He proved the earth moved around the sun.
Johannes Kepler
* Mathematician & astronomer who provided the proof for Copernicus’s hypothesis.
* He proved the earth moved around the sun.

8. Galileo
* Italian mathematician who built his own telescope & further proved Copernicus was right.
* When threatened by the catholic church he recanted his research.

9. Who was the first to suggest that the sun was the center of the universe?10
Johannes Kepler
Copernicus
Galileo 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

10. Francis Bacon
* Believed that unproven facts should not be believed. He states that truth resulted only from investigation.
* He helped develop the scientific method.

11. * Famous for his statement “I think, therefore I am.”
Rene' Descartes
* Philosopher & mathematician who believed truth must be reached by reason.
* Famous for his statement “I think, therefore I am.”

12. What scientist developed the scientific method?10
Rene Descartes
Galileo
Francis Bacon
Copernicus
Answer Now 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

13. Who proved Copernicus’ ideas, but took back what he wrote after he was pressured by the Catholic church? 10
Rene Descartes
Galileo
Francis Bacon
Johannes Kepler 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

14. Who said “I think, therefore I am?”
Rene Descartes
Galileo
Francis Bacon
Johannes Kepler 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

15. Isaac Newton
* Formulated new theories of gravity.
* Created Calculus

16. Robert Hooke
Discovered the Cell
Robert Boyle
Founder of modern day chemistry

17. Robert Boyle discovered the cell.
True
False
:10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

18. Isaac Newton created calculus
True
False 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

19. The period known as the Enlightenment occurred from the late10
1400s through the 1600s
1500s through the 1600s
1600s through the 1700s
1700s through the 1800s 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

20. Galileo was forced to recant many of his ideas by the10
Seconds
Remaining
English government
Italian government
Catholic Church
Protestant Church 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

21. System of math developed by Isaac Newton
Geometry
Calculus
Trigonometry
Algebra
VOTE 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

22. The advances in science led philosophers & other thinkers to believe that if systematic laws governed the workings of nature & the universe, reason analysis should also apply to political, economic, and social relationships.
Political philosophers believed in the idea of natural law – a universal moral law.
At this time, England was torn between a king with absolute power and people having the right to govern themselves.

23. Thomas Hobbes
*Argued that an absolute monarchy was the best form of government.
* Believed that humans were naturally violent.
* Believed that people should give up their freedom and live obediently under a ruler.
* Believed that people did NOT have the right to rebel against their governments.

24. John Locke
Believed:
* that government was based on a social contract.
* that people were reasonable and moral and had natural rights, such as life, liberty and property.
* governments should protect these rights.
* If a government failed to do so, people had a right to overthrow the government.

25. Which of the following influenced the colonist to rebel against the English government?10
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

26. Thomas Jefferson based much of the Declaration of Independence on Locke’s ideas about the social contract & the right of the people to overthrow an unjust government.

27. Called for an international law code based on natural law.
Hugo Grotius
Called for an international law code based on natural law.
William Penn
Founder of the Quaker colony in Pennsylvania, believed in pacifism, opposition to war & violence.

29. Many began to follow a new religious philosophy that believed in God, but denounced organized religion.
Deism