1. Umm Al-Qura University
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Umm Al-Qura University
Health Sciences College at Al-Leith
Department of Public Health
Lecture (9)

2. Houseflies

3. Objectives
1/ Define of House fly species. 2/ Define House fly classification, Geographical Distribution, External morphology, Life cycle, Adult behavior and Medical important. 3/ Understand the role of House fly in Transmission of parasitic diseases. 4/ Understand the Mechanisms of House fly disease Transmission to human. 5/ Define Treatment of House fly diseases and Prevention. 6/ Apply of House fly control methods.

4. 1- Classification Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropods Class Insecta
Sub class Ptrygota
Order Diptera
Sub order Cyclorrhapha
Family Muscidae

5. 1- Musca domestica 2- Muscina stabulans 3- Fannia canicularis
The most important species from the medical aspect are:
1- Musca domestica
2- Muscina stabulans
3- Fannia canicularis
4- Fannia scalaris
5- Stomoxys calcitrans

6. 2- Distribution: Worldwide distribution.
3- External morphology (Musca domestica) adult:
medium sized about 6 – 9 mm in length.
varying in colour from light to dark grey and have four broadish dark longitudinal stripes on the thorax.

7. each antenna consists of three segment the last and biggest of which is cylindrical and has a prominent hair called an arista. The arista has small hairs on both sides.
arista
antenna

8. compound eyes which are closer together and slightly bigger in males than females.

10. The wings of the housefly have vein four bending up sharply to join the vein three. This is an important character which can help distinguish Musca species.

12. 1- Musca domestica
2- Muscina stabulans
3- Fannia canicularis
4- stomoxys calcitrans

13. each of three pairs of legs are responsible for the fly picking up dirt and pathogens when it visits excreta.

14. 4- Lifecycle:
Musca domastica laying eggs in decomposing materials, decaying and decomposing organic materials found in rubbish dumps and amongst household garbage and waste foods.
female laid about 75 – 100 in oviposition
eggs hatch after only 6 – 12 hours.
House fly egg are creamy-white about mm long

15. larvae are segmented maggot-shaped and white to creamy white
larvae are segmented maggot-shaped and white to creamy white. At the anterior and posterior ends of the body there are a pair of spiracles and are shaped like a letter D.

16. House flies larvae

17. pair of spiracles and are shaped like a letter D

18. Larvae feed on liquid food resulting from decomposing and decaying organic material.
there are three larval instars.
larvae development may be complete within only three days.
pupation occur in the dry soil.

19. Housefly Pupa

20. The pupa stage lasts about three to five days in warm weather.

22. 5- Behaviour adults of Musca domestica avoid direct sunlight.
Musca domestica are most active during the cooler part of the day.
houseflies defecate at random and frequently regurgitate their foods resulting fly spots.
adult fly 3 – 4 Km from their emergence sites and may travel as 34 Km.

23. : 6- Medical importance
Viruses such as:
poliomyelitis,
trachoma
infectious hepatitis

24. Rickettsiae such as Q fever (coxiella burneti)
bacterial diseases: cholera, the typhoid and paratyphoid, tuberculosis, anthrax

25. protozoan parasites such as:
amoebic dysenteries (Entamoeba, Giardia)
and eggs of a variety tapeworms, for example, Taenia spp. Including:
T. solium,

26. Nematodes such as: Enterobius vermicularis and Ascaris lumbricoides.

27. 7- Control: Control methods can be divided into three categories:
Physical and mechanical ( by screening, ultraviolet light trap).
Environmental sanitation (sanitation).
Insecticidal (chemical control).

28. Thanks
Radia 28