1. Odontology Chapter 18 Objectives: Students will…
Name all the structures and tissues of the tooth
Identify teeth by the Universal/National Numbering System and FDI system
Identify surfaces of the teeth
Identify conditions of the teeth
Demonstrate proper brushing and flossing techniques
Standard: (17) Understand principles of and successfully perform skills related to Dental Assisting, incorporating rubrics from textbooks or clinical standards of practice for the following: a. Identifying teeth using the Federation Dentaire International Numbering System b. Demonstrate brushing and flossing techniques

2. Types of Dentition
Odontology – study of the anatomy growth and diseases of the teeth.
Teeth are accessory organs in the digestive system
Used to masticate (chew) food.
Each individual has 2 sets of teeth (Dentitions)
Deciduous (primary) first teeth
Mixed dentition- both deciduous and succedaneous teeth
Succedaneous (permant)

3. Deciduous A newborn starts out with 44 tooth buds
At 6 months buds begin to erupt to form deciduous dentition
By 2-3 years 20 deciduous teeth have erupted
Used for spacing, mastication, and speech
-Labeled A-T
How old is this child?

4. Deciduous Dentition

5. Mixed Dentition
Deciduous teeth begin to be lost and replaced by succedaneous teeth
Succedaneous teeth begin to erupt between 5-6 years of age
This process of replacing deciduous teeth with succedaneous continues until years of age
Third molars (wisdom teeth erupt) yr

6. Succedaneous Dentition
Permanent teeth have erupted by
around 20 years of age
32 permanent teeth
Labeled 1-32

7. Dentition Review Which dentition consists of 32 teeth?
Which dentition consists of both deciduous and succedaneous teeth?
When do deciduous begin to erupt?
What age does mixed dentition occur?
When do succedaneous teeth begin to erupt?
At what age should the wisdom teeth erupt?
How are deciduous teeth labeled?
How are succedaneous teeth labeled?
What is the function of deciduous dentition?

8. Structures of the Tooth
Both Deciduous and Succedaneous Dentition have the same tooth structure
4 tooth sections
Add these terms to your notes on p. 554
Crown
Root
Bifurcated
trifurcated
Cervix
Apex

9. where nerves and blood vessels enter the tooth
Section of tooth visible in mouth;
protected by enamel
Cervix - Section where the
crown joins the root;
cemento-enamel junction
Section of tooth below the gingiva
(gums), covered by cementum;
anchors tooth into bony socket
(2 roots= bifurcated; 3 roots =
trifurcated)
Apex
The tip of the root of the tooth which contains an opening called the apical foramen
where nerves and blood vessels enter the tooth

10. Tissues of the tooth 4 main tissues of the tooth
Add these terms to your notes p. 556
Enamel
Cementum
Dentin
Pulp
Gingiva

11. Tissues of the Tooth
Enamel- hardest tissue in the body covers the crown, protective layer
Dentine-bulk of the tooth, carries pain and temperature sensations
Pulp-soft tissue innermost of tooth, vessels and nerves
Cementum-hard bonelike tissue covering the root protection and holds tooth in place.
Gingiva- gums epithelial tissue and mucous membrane

12. Draw and Label the structures and Tissues of the tooth add to your notes

13. Parts of the tooth review
Which part of the tooth contains a passage way for nerves and blood vessels?
What is the passageway for nerves and blood vessels called?
Which part of the tooth is considered the neck, where the crown and root join?
If a tooth has 2 roots, it is called _______.
If a tooth has 3 roots, it is called _______.
The part of the tooth which is visible is called the ______.
Cerv- refers to ______.

14. IDENTIFYING THE TEETH Deciduous- labeled A-T
Succedaneous- labeled 1-32

15. Indentification 4 types of teeth Add these terms to your notes p. 558
What is the purpose of each?
Incisors
Cuspids
Bicuspids
Molars

16. Incisor Cute or bite food Central and lateral incisors
Used to pronounce what?
M.E. Mermigas, DDS

17. Canine Tear food Longest Corners of the mouth
What animal also has Canine teeth? What do they look like on that animal?
M.E. Mermigas, DDS

18. Bicuspid Located before molars Pulverize or grind food
Are these found in deciduous dentition?
M.E. Mermigas, DDS

19. Molar Located in the back of the mouth Largest and strongest
Chew and grind food
Why is the surface flat?
M.E. Mermigas, DDS

21. Federation dentaire internation system
System of numbering the teeth
Permanent teeth
4 quadrants of the mouth are assigned a number
Maxillary right 1
Maxillary left 2
Mandibular left 3
Mandibular right 4

22. The teeth in each quadrant are labeled 1-8 beginning with the central incisor and ending with the second molar
The number of the quadrant is written first
Then the number of the tooth
Ex. the right maxillary central incisor 11
1(quadrant 1) 1( tooth number 1)
Ex. Mandibular left lateral 32
3 (quadrant 3) 2 (tooth number 2)
P. 562
FDi

24. Surfaces of a tooth

25. Codes are used when documenting conditon of teeth in the dental record

26. Common Conditions of the teeth
HALITOSIS – BAD BREATH
GINGIVITIS – INFLAMMATION OF GUMS

27. Cavities- small holes in the teeth due to plaque build up that destroys the enamel of the tooth
Chipped tooth- treatment depends on whether the pulp of the tooth is damaged. If not resin can be bonded to the tooth. If the pulp is affected a root canal may be needed.
Impacted teeth- an adult tooth that does not come in properly causing it to be stuck again another tooth. The impacted tooth can be removed by an oral surgeon.
Hyperdontia- extra teeth, treated by surgical removal and orthodontics.

28. Have we covered all of our objectives?
Draw these instruments and add to your notes

29. Proper Brushing and Flossing
Brushing Steps personal
1. wash hands
2. wet tooth brush and apply paste
3. hold brush at a 45 degree angle to gum line
4. use short back and forth movements
5. repeat on lingual surfaces of the teeth
6. brush the tongue, cheeks, and roof of the mouth
7. Rinse mouth and brush
Look up procedure for brushing a patients teeth on p. 595
How does this procedure differ and why?

30. Flossing steps personal
1. wash hands
2. remove inches of floss
3. wrap floss around middle fingers of both hands
4. gently insert floss between teeth do not snap the floss.
6. slide the floss back and forth
7. use a new area of floss for each section
8. rinse mouth
Procedure for a patient is located on p.599
How is this different?

31. Objectives Name all the structures and tissues of the tooth
Identify teeth by the Universal/National Numbering System and FDI system
Identify surfaces of the teeth
Identify conditions of the teeth
Demonstrate proper brushing and flossing techniques
Have we met our objectives?

32. Activity
Create a mouth model. Number the teeth according to the Federal Dentaire International System (quadrants, #’s) Label the types of teeth incisor canine bicuspid molar (draw/cut out each in the proper shape) Label the surfaces of the teeth. *See example mouth