1. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Unit 5: Interconnected

3. “Longevity” “What factors might lead to a much longer life?”
“If many people actually live to their 100s, what problems, if any, might this cause?”

4. 5.1 Population Growth Notes Changes in Populations Over Time
4/26/2018
7.1: Population Growth
Changes in Populations Over Time
Unit 5: Interconnected

5. Main Ideas/Lecture Topics/Questions
Lecture Title
(“Population Growth”)
& Date
Main Ideas/Lecture Topics/Questions
“Big Ideas” or Chunking the Lecture

6. Word Wall: Please highlight these term’s #s in Quizlet
Population density
Carrying capacity
Emigration
Immigration
Equilibrium
Logistic growth
Negative feedback
Exponential growth
Biotic
Abiotic
Density-dependent
Density-independent
Please add these to your list; We will define them in the lecture.
*Not in Quizlet

7. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Point-of-View
The root cause of nearly every environmental issue is human overpopulation.
Do you agree with this opinion?
Why or why not?
Unit 5: Interconnected

8. What You Need To Know…
Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
The (biotic) environment influences the size of a population.
Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level.

9. Enduring Understandings
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Enduring Understandings
#1) Populations grow or decline through the combined effects of births, deaths, immigration and emigration.
#2) There are limits to population growth and a maximum number of individuals an environment can support.
Unit 5: Interconnected

10. 1) Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
1) Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
Environmental factors
Boundaries
Density & dispersion of individuals
Unit 5: Interconnected

12. 1) Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
1) Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
Environmental factors
Boundaries
Density & dispersion of individuals
Unit 5: Interconnected

14. Figure 53.1 What causes a sheep population to fluctuate in size?14

15. 1) Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
1) Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
Environmental factors
Boundaries
Density & dispersion of individuals
Unit 5: Interconnected

16. Patterns of dispersion
Figure 53.UN01
Patterns of dispersion
Figure 53.UN01 Summary figure, Concept 53.1
Clumped
Uniform
Random 16

17. (a) Clumped
Figure 53.4 Patterns of dispersion within a population’s geographic range. 17

18. (b) Uniform
Figure 53.4 Patterns of dispersion within a population’s geographic range. 18

19. (c) Random
Figure 53.4 Patterns of dispersion within a population’s geographic range. 19

20. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
US Population Density
Unit 5: Interconnected

21. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Population Density
Tokyo: 9,499 persons/mi2
Seattle: 6,715 persons/mi2
Unit 5: Interconnected

22. Most dense=? Least dense=?
Source:

23. Most dense= Mumbai, India Least dense= Birmingham, UK Mumbai is 7.8 X
more packed in!
Source:

24. Limiting factors potentially slow population growth.
Abiotic Factors
Weather
Fire
Floods
Wind and storms
Oxygen supply
Space/Area
In density-independent (DI) populations, birth rate and death rate do not change with population density
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

25. Please summarize (A.O.T.S.)
End of Point #1: Abiotic Factors
Please summarize (A.O.T.S.)

26. What You Need To Know…
Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
The (biotic) environment influences the size of a population.
Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level.

27. Enduring Understandings
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Enduring Understandings
#1) Populations grow or decline through the combined effects of births, deaths, immigration and emigration.
#2) There are limits to population growth and a maximum number of individuals an environment can support.
Unit 5: Interconnected

28. 2) The (biotic) environment influences the size of a population.
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
2) The (biotic) environment influences the size of a population.
The change in a population’s formula can be broken down into four variables.
Unit 5: Interconnected

29. Growth Formula
Change in
population
size
Births
Immigrants
entering
Deaths
Emigrants
leaving   
If immigration and emigration are ignored, a population’s growth rate equals birth rate minus death rate
So in math terms, ΔP= (B+I) – (D+E)
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

30. 40 60 12 19 How did the population change (+/-)? Births Deaths
Figure 53.3
How did the population change (+/-)? 40 60
Births
Deaths
Deaths and emigration remove individuals from a population.
Births and immigration add individuals to a population. 12 19
Figure 53.3 Population dynamics.
Immigration
Emigration 30

31. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Unit 5: Interconnected

32. Limiting factors potentially slow population growth.
In density-dependent (DD) populations, birth rates fall and death rates rise with population density
Biotic Factors
Predation
Infection
Competition
Toxic build-up
Available mates
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.

33. Please summarize (A.O.T.S.)
End of Point #2: Biotic Factors
Please summarize (A.O.T.S.)

34. Enduring Understandings
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Enduring Understandings
#1) Populations grow or decline through the combined effects of births, deaths, immigration and emigration.
#2) There are limits to population growth and a maximum number of individuals an environment can support.
Unit 5: Interconnected

35. What You Need To Know…
Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
The (biotic) environment influences the size of a population.
Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level.

36. Word Wall: Let’s focus on these…
Population density
Carrying capacity
Emigration
Immigration
Equilibrium
Logistic growth
Negative feedback
Exponential growth
Biotic
Abiotic
Density-dependent
Density-independent
*Not in Quizlet

37. K = carrying capacity Population size (N) Number of generations
Figure 53.UN03
“What do you see?”
K = carrying capacity
Population size (N)
“What does it mean?”
Figure 53.UN03 Summary figure, Concept 53.3
Number of generations 37

38. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
3) Feedback mechanisms help to adjust a population size toward an “ideal” level.
A: Biotic potential
B: Carrying capacity (avg.)
C: Population max.
D: Carrying capacity (actual)
E: Endangered/Extinction
Unit 5: Interconnected

39. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
“Carrying Capacity”
Births
Immigration
Death
Emigration
Unit 5: Interconnected

40. Exploring Population Interactions
Resources
Strategies
As you watch the following film segment, please identify two resources that interacting populations are seeking.
Water & Food
As interacting populations are trying to get resources, they use different strategies to do so.
Please describe two of these ways to get needed resources.
Cooperation & Predation

41. 3) Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level.
“Logistic growth” reaches carrying capacity and has an “S-shaped” curve.
1,000
180
150
800
Number of Daphnia/50 mL
120
Number of Paramecium/mL
600 90
400 60
200 30
Figure How well do these populations fit the logistic growth model? 5 10 15 20 40 60 80
100
120
140
160
Time (days)
Time (days)
(a) A Paramecium population in the lab
(b) A Daphnia population in the lab 41

42. Exit Task Please define population.
Please answer the following questions on the sheet of paper provided. This is due by the end of class.
Please define population.
What makes a population’s size change?
Is there a limit to population size? If so, list three factors (things) that limit it.
How well do you understand the topics of the lecture so far?
Not very well (1)  very well (5)

43. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
3) Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level. 3a) “Logistic growth” reaches carrying capacity and has an “S-shaped” curve.
Three steps (phases) in its process:
Lag phase: slow initial growth
Growth phase: rapid growth during the middle period of growth.
Carrying capacity: growth is limited or zero; birth rates and death rates are approximately equal.
Unit 5: Interconnected

44. K = carrying capacity Population size (N) Number of generations
Figure 53.UN03
K = carrying capacity
Population size (N)
Growth Phase
Figure 53.UN03 Summary figure, Concept 53.3
Number of generations
Lag Phase 44

45. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Logistic Growth
“Carrying Capacity
Growth Phase
Lag Phase
Unit 5: Interconnected

46. Case Study #1: Paramecium Competition
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Case Study #1: Paramecium Competition
Relevant Features:
Eukaryotic
Unicellular
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Aquatic
Unit 5: Interconnected

47. Case Study #1: Paramecium Competition
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Case Study #1: Paramecium Competition
“What do you see?”
“What does it mean?”
Unit 5: Interconnected

48. Case Study #2: Lynx v. Rabbits (Predation)

49. Case Study #2: Lynx v. Rabbits (Predation)
5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Case Study #2: Lynx v. Rabbits (Predation)
“What do you see?” B A
“What does it mean?”
Unit 5: Interconnected

50. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
3) Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level.
3b) Populations can “crash” toward extinction if they go past their carrying capacity.
If the population level continues to increase, even after the carrying capacity, the population level will drastically drop and may even become extinct.
Unit 5: Interconnected

51. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
“Carrying Capacity”:
Birth=Death
I =E
“Crash”: Quick population death rate
Growth Phase
Lag Phase
Unit 5: Interconnected

52. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
3) Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level. 3c) Exponential growth has not yet reached its carrying capacity and has a “J-shaped” curve.
Exponential growth can only occur when resources are abundant:
Food (e.g. much of the USA)
Mates (non-example: China & “One-Child Policy”)
Living space (e.g. Siberia)
If these resources are not found in large supply, logistic growth occurs.
Unit 5: Interconnected

53. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
‘Halitosis’ is…
Unit 5: Interconnected

54. Population growth begins slowing here. 500
Exponential growth
2,000
1,500
K = 1,500
Logistic growth
Population size (N)
1,000
Population growth begins slowing here.
Figure 53.9 Population growth predicted by the logistic model.
500 5 10 15
Number of generations 54

55. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Eventually, births and deaths will balance (“carrying capacity”) and our population will stop growing.
Our behavior will probably determine whether this results from a decrease in birth rates or an increase in death rates.
“What I see is _____.” “This makes me wonder ______.”
Unit 5: Interconnected

56. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Makin’ babies!!!
The human population as a whole has doubled three times in the last three centuries (showing exponential growth).
It now stands at about 7.3 billion and may reach 8+ billion by the year 2025.
Most of the increase is due to:
improved heath
Improved technology (medical, industrial, etc.)
An overall decrease in the death rate
Unit 5: Interconnected

57. Please summarize (A.O.T.S.)
End of Point #3: Feedback Mechanisms
Please summarize (A.O.T.S.)

58. What You Need To Know…
Population size is controlled by (abiotic) non-living factors.
The (biotic) environment influences the size of a population.
Feedback mechanisms help to adjust population size toward an “ideal” level.

59. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Peer Instruction Protocol
Populations
Unit 5: Interconnected

60. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Question #1
The increase in numbers of mice beginning at point ”A” probably resulted from an increase in:
A) Parasites
B) Predators
C) Food supply
D) The arrival of mice to the area
Unit #5: Interconnected
Unit 5: Interconnected

61. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Question #1
The increase in numbers of mice beginning at point ”A” probably resulted from an increase in:
A) Parasites
B) Predators
C) Food supply
D) The arrival of mice to the area
Unit #5: Interconnected
Unit 5: Interconnected

62. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Question #2
Harvested almost to extinction, a sea mammal received “endangered species” protection several years ago.
Which graph most accurately represents its history and the desired outcome from the protection program?
Unit 5: Interconnected

63. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018
Question #2
Harvested almost to extinction, a sea mammal received “endangered species” protection several years ago.
Which graph most accurately represents its history and the desired outcome from the protection program?
Unit 5: Interconnected

64. 5.1 Population Growth Notes
4/26/2018 C D B A
Unit 5: Interconnected