1. Chapter 18 Lesson 4 fasting plasma glucose serum and urine tests
thyroid function tests exophthalmometry
computed tomography (CT) scan
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
radioactive iodine uptake thyroid scan
ultrasound examination
Journal question: An enlarged thyroid gland can lead to symptoms that reflect either overproduction or underproduction of thyroid hormones. How are both of these conditions possible from an enlarged thyroid?
Copyright © 2011, 2008, 2005 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

2. Objectives
Identify laboratory tests, clinical procedures, and abbreviations related to endocrinology
Apply your new knowledge to understanding medical terms in their proper contexts, such as medical reports and records
What symptoms would prompt these tests to be ordered?

3. Laboratory Tests Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) Serum and urine tests
Measures circulating glucose in a patient who has fasted at least 8 hours
Serum and urine tests
Measures hormones, electrolytes, glucose, etc., in blood and urine as indicators of endocrine function
Thyroid function tests
Measures T3, T4, and TSH in the bloodstream
What symptoms would prompt these tests to be ordered?

4. Clinical Procedures exophthalmometry computed tomography (CT) scan
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head
radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU)
thyroid scan
ultrasound examination
When would these procedures be ordered?
For what symptoms?
Review previous lessons.

5. Review Sheet (cont’d) aden/o gland adren/o adrenal glands
COMBINING FORMS
Combining Form Meaning
aden/o gland
adren/o adrenal glands
adrenal/o adrenal glands
andr/o male
calc/o, calici/o calcium
cortic/o cortex, outer region

6. Review Sheet (cont’d) crin/o secrete dips/o third estr/o female
COMBINING FORMS
crin/o secrete
dips/o third
estr/o female
gluc/o, glyc/o sugar
gonad/o sex glands (ovaries, testes)
home/o sameness
Combining Form Meaning

7. Review Sheet (cont’d) hormon/o hormone
COMBINING FORMS
hormon/o hormone
kal/i potassium (an electrolyte)
insulin/o insulin
lact/o milk
myx/o mucus
natr/o sodium (an electrolyte)
Combining Form Meaning

8. Review Sheet (cont’d) pancreat/o pancreas
COMBINING FORMS
pancreat/o pancreas
parathyroid/o parathyroid gland
phys/o growing
pituitar/o pituitary gland;
or hypophysis
somat/o body
ster/o solid structure
Combining Form Meaning

9. Review Sheet (cont’d) thyr/o thyroid gland thyroid/o thyroid gland
COMBINING FORMS
thyr/o thyroid gland
thyroid/o thyroid gland
toc/o childbirth
toxic/o position
ur/o urine
Combining Form Meaning

10. Review Sheet (cont’d) -agon assemble, gather together
SUFFIXES
-agon assemble, gather together
-emia blood condition
-in, -ine a substance
-tropin stimulating the function of
-uria urine condition
Suffix Meaning

11. Review Sheet (cont’d) eu- good, normal hyper- excessive, above
PREFIXES
eu- good, normal
hyper- excessive, above
hypo- deficient, below
oxy- rapid, sharp, acid
pan- all
tetra- four
tri- three
Prefix Meaning

12. QUICK QUIZ:
What is the pathologic condition in which enlargement of the extremities is caused by hypersecretion of the anterior pituitary after puberty?
Addison disease
acromegaly
Cushing syndrome
Graves disease
Correct answeris B: Acromegaly. See p. 746 in 8e for more information.

13. QUICK QUIZ:
What is the pathologic condition in which enlargement of the extremities is caused by hypersecretion of the anterior pituitary after puberty?
Addison disease
acromegaly
Cushing syndrome
Graves disease
Correct answeris B: Acromegaly. See p. 746 in 8e for more information.