1. Technical Writing and Instructional Design: A great confluence!
Madhu G

2. Session Objective After this session, you will be able to:
Understand the role of an Instructional Designer (ID).
Use some of the key aspects of Instructional Design to plan and build better content.

3. Instructional Design Analysis of learning needs.
Development of instructions/content.
Evaluation of learning outcomes.
Where:
Instruction - arrangement of information and environment to facilitate learning.
Learning - development of new knowledge, skills, or attitudes as an individual interacts with information and the environment.

4. History The web and beyond – 1990’s to date
Instructional media – 1940’s
WW II – Instructional materials to train soldiers
Programmed instruction and task analysis – 1950’s
B. F. Skinner stated behavioral objectives
Instructional systems development – 1960’s
Instructional materials for public education
ID models and maturation – 1970’s
Increased use of cognitive psychology
Microcomputers – 1980’s
The web and beyond – 1990’s to date

5. Instructional Design Process
Cognitive approach: Study of human behaviour. 
Learning experience: Learning is treated as an experience.
Learning theories: Use of many learning theories and methodologies.
Learning outcomes: The bottom-up approach.

6. Key ID Deliverables Audience Analysis Report. Objective.
Instructional strategy.
Design document.
Storyboard.
Exercises/Assignment.

7. Key End Products Slides for Instructor Led Training (ILT).
Participant/Instructor Guide.
Web Based Tutorials (WBT) and e-learning.

8. Common Aspects – ID and TW
Audience analysis.
Input collection.
Information design.

9. ID can help TW ID Principles Analysis Phase Development Delivery
Evaluation

10. Content Analysis Phase
Creating user profiles.
Identifying delivery options.

11. User Profiles Ask questions (Interviews, Surveys, and Social Media).
Understand how users consume and implement instructions.
Create profiles.
Study the demographics.

12. Delivery Options Create delivery options according to the requirement.
Map different type of delivery types against each user profile and the type of product.
Automotive assembly training
Pilot training
Process related training
Application help
Technical training
Augmented reality modules
Virtual reality modules
E-learning modules
PDF/HTML documents
Classroom sessions

13. Content Development Phase
Blooms’ taxonomy and content mapping.
Learning outcomes.
Learning constraints.

14. Blooms’ Taxonomy for Cognitive Learning
Bloom’s Taxonomy is a chart of learning levels.
Named after the creator, Dr. Benjamin Bloom
An arrangement of ideas or a way to group things together.

15. Blooms’ Taxonomy – Learning Levels
Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
list, define, tell, identify, show, label, collect, examine, quote, name, who, when, where.
describe, interpret, contrast, associate, distinguish, discuss, extend.
apply, demonstrate, complete, illustrate, solve, modify, experiment.
analyze, separate, order, connect, classify, arrange, divide, compare.
combine, integrate, rearrange, substitute, plan, create, design, invent, compose, formulate, rewrite.
assess, decide, rank, grade, test, measure, recommend, convince, judge, explain, conclude.

16. Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy – Anderson and Krathwohl
Knowledge
Remember
Comprehension
Understand
Application
Apply
Analysis
Analyse
Evaluation
Evaluate
Synthesis
Create

17. Think ID

18. Content Mapping and Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy
Instructional Design
Remember
Understand
Apply
Analyze
Technical Writing
Concept
Reference
Task
Tables/Illustrations

19. Use Learning Outcomes The bottom-up approach.
Think about the outcomes.
Develop content.

20. Example
Learning outcome: The user should be able to understand about Cloud Computing and its services.

21. Example Technical Writing Instructional Design Cloud Computing (CC)
Remember
Understand
Apply
Analyze
Technical Writing
Concept
Reference
Task
Block/Arch Diagrams
Cloud Computing (CC)
What is CC?
Why is it used? Advantages?
How to get the service?
Different network elements.

22. Study Learning Constraints
Using the user profiles, study the blockers.
Provide your input to fix the design.
Fine-tune the content.

23. Content Delivery
Choose the right delivery type as per the user profile.
Deliver and archive the content.

24. Evaluation Phase Collect feedback from various users and stakeholders.
Evaluate and modify content.

25. Summary
Thinking like an ID enhances your thought process during content design.
Helps you perform audience analysis in a better way, from a learning perspective.
Helps you create and present information in a more result-oriented way.
All these steps lead to improved customer documentation.

26. Thank you!