1. Drug Forms and Routes of Administration

3. Before FDA Approval
Drug company must clearly state in what form or forms the drug will be manufactured
Drug company must clearly state what routes of administration are determined safe and effective

4. Tablets Drug form which contains dried powdered active drug
Contains binders and fillers to provide bulk and proper size
Many different types of tablets

5. Scored Tablets Indented line running across the top
Can easily be broken into two pieces with a knife to produce two doses

6. Enteric Tablets
Covered with a special coating that resists stomach acid but dissolves in the alkaline environment in small intestines

7. Slow-Release Tablets
Provide a continuous, sustained release of a certain drug
Abb as SR slow-release or LA long acting

8. Caplets and Tablets Coated tablets in the shape of a capsule
Easier to swallow

9. Lozenges and Tablets
Formed with a harden base of sugar, water and flavorings
Never swallow
Dissolve slowly in mouth

10. Capsules
Comes in two varieties
Generally easier to swallow

11. Soft-Gelatin Capsule
Manufactured in one piece in which the drug is in a liquid form inside the soft shell

12. Hard-Shell Capsules
Manufactured in two pieces that fit together and hold the drug which is in a powder or granular form

13. Creams A semisolid emulsion of oil and water: main ingredient water
Emulsifying agent added to keep mixed

14. Ointments Semisolid emulsion of oil and water: main ingredient oil
Normally applied to skin without precise measurement: nitroglycerin is an exception

15. Lotions
Suspension of an active drug in a water base

16. Powders Finely ground form of an active drug
Can be contained in a capsule
Glass vials with sterile water
Packaged: add water

17. Liquids Comes in one of two forms: solution or suspension
Solution never needs to be mixed
Solution drug fully dissolved

18. Types of Solutions
Elixirs: alcohol and water-base with added sugar and flavoring
Syrups: sugar, water and flavor thickening
Tinctures: alcohol and water-base used topically

19. Liquid Sprays Water and alcohol base Pump or aerosol spray
Some dispense as foams

20. Suspensions
Contain fine, undissolved particles of a drug suspended in a liquid base
Important to always shake before use

21. Suspension Types Water base: distilled or sterile
Emulsion: fat particles and water
Gel: suspended in a thickened water medium which does not have to be shaken

22. Suppositories
A solid base of glycerin or cocoa butter containing the drug
Rectal or vaginal
Adult or pediatric sizes

23. Transdermals
Consist of a multi-layered disk of a drug reservoir, a porous membrane plus an adhesive surface to attach to the skin
Patches

24. Pellets/Beads
Drug can be implanted in the body in the form of a pellet or bead that slowly releases into tissue