1. Photosynthesis

2. What does a plant need to grow?
But is that all????

3. Plants need to do Photosynthesis
Chlorophyll inside

4. What you don’t see…
Thylakoid: individual membrane-bound compartments where photosynthesis actually occurs (contain the photosynthetic pigments)
Granum: stacks of thylakoids

5. Photosynthesis- what goes in?
Sunlight (light Energy)
Carbon Dioxide CO2
Water H2O

6. Photosynthesis- what comes out?
Sunlight (Light Energy)
Glucose
C6H12O6
Water
H2O
Oxygen O2
Carbon Dioxide
CO2

7. Photosynthesis Let’s write the chemical equation on the board!!
What are the reactants, What are the products?
What type of energy transformations are going on?
Light Energy into Chemical Energy

8. Reaction CO2 + H2O + light O2 + C6H12O6 But it’s not balanced
Products
Reactants

9. Photosynthesis has an “opposite” reaction…
ALL cells must perform this reaction
(not like photosynthesis that only occurs in autotrophs)
Occurs in Mitochondria
It’s why we breathe
In fact the name we give to breathing is named after this cellular process
Any guesses??? Turn the page…

10. Cell Respiration Carbon Dioxide CO2 Glucose C6H12O6 Water H2O Oxygen
Energy

11. Reaction Let’s draw the chemical formula on the board!!
What are the reactants, What are the products?
What type of energy transformations are going on?
Chemical Energy (Food) into Chemical Energy (ATP)

12. 1 2 5 3 4 6

14. E. Relationship between Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration. 1
E. Relationship between Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Elements Cycle (the products of one are the reactants for the other)   2. Energy Transformed & used up. Must keep adding sunlight to replenish   3. In plants- Can do both in one cell. (But still need to take in CO2 & H2O to keep up with high photosynthesis rates during daylight hrs)   4. In animals- Can’t do photosynthesis, so must EAT plants to get glucose and breathe in to get O2.  

15. ENERGY TRANSFORMATION IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS LIGHT ENERGY CHEMICAL ENERGY  ENERGY TRANSFORMATION IN CELL RESPIRATION CHEMICAL ENERGY ATP (usable chemical energy)

16. Two Types of Respiration
You are currently taking in oxygen and burning sugars within the mitochondria to release chemical energy.
This process is also known as Aerobic Respiration. Why?
Because Oxygen is present which allows your cells to burn glucose into energy much more efficiently.

17. Anaerobic Respiration
What would happen if your cells were deprived of oxygen?? Would they still be able to burn glucose to make energy??
YES!!
Anaerobic Respiration
What does anaerobic mean?
NO OXYGEN PRESENT

18. Efficiency of Types of Cell Respiration
Aerobic respiration yields at least 36 ATP
Anaerobic nets a measly 2 ATP

19. Anaerobic Respiration ex’s in Animals…
Ex: Fermentation in the body cells
Long distance runners often create an anaerobic environment for their cells
Not a very energy efficient process & a bad side effect is produced:
Lactic Acid

20. A different example of fermentation
Breweries rely on this process:
Yeast cells need energy to survive, so they will breakdown sugars in anaerobic conditions and a byproduct is alcohol.
How do you know CO2 is produced?

21. Fermentation Basics Anaerobic Animals produce lactic acid and CO2
Plants produce ethyl alcohol and CO2
Less efficient…pgs

23. Vacuoles Chloroplasts Mitochondria Ribosomes
A scientist wants to study photosynthesis in a newly discovered species. Which of these cell structures should the scientist study?
Vacuoles
Chloroplasts
Mitochondria
Ribosomes 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

24. Cilia Mitochondria Ribosomes Chloroplasts
Muscle cells require more energy than do most other cells. Which organelles would you expect to find in greater abundance in muscle cells than in most other cells?
Cilia
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Chloroplasts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

25. Which of these processes results in carbon dioxide production?
Osmosis
Respiration
Evaporation
Photosynthesis 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

26. Osmosis Mitosis Cellular respiration Fermentation
Some organisms that live in the intestines of cows do not require oxygen to survive. Which of these best describes the process by which these organisms obtain energy?
Osmosis
Mitosis
Cellular respiration
Fermentation 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

27. Based on the graph, what color is this plant:
Green
Red
Violet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

28. Based on the graph, what colors are best absorbed by this plant:
Green and orange
Red and violets
Violet and green
4. Green and reds 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

29. Based on the graph below, which color light is least absorbed by plants for photosynthesis
Red
Yellow
Green
Orange
Violet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

30. Let’s fill in this chart with the molecules and then the energy transformations
_________________________________
_____________________

31. Why do leaves change colors??
Chlorophyll B
Chlorophyll A
Xanthophyll
Carotene

32. These chromatograms show chlorophyll b at the bottom, followed by chlorophyll a, xanthophylls, and carotenes.