1. Inflammatory/Valvular

2. Infective Endocarditis
Infection of the innermost layer of the heart
Usually caused by staph and strep
Vegetations: stick to valves 7 result in emboli. Signs of this are;
petechiae
painful pea size lesions on fingertips or toes
Roth’s spots on retina

3. Diagnostic Tests Health history Blood cultures ESR CXR Echo ECG
Cardiac Cath

4. S/S Increased temp Activity intolerance: SOB Weight gain or loss
Anorexia
Dysrhythmias
Murmur
Heart failure

5. Rheumatic Heart Disease
Chronic condition resulting from rheumatic fever. This scars heart valves

6. Mitral Valve Regurgitation
P. 791
Most are caused by MI. Allows backwards flow of blood due to incomplete valve closure
Manifestation: weakness, fatigue, palpitation, dyspnea, orthopnes, PND, peripheral edema, S3
WHAT OTHER CONDITION THAT WE’VE STUDIED DO THESE SX SOUND LIKE???????

7. Aortic Valve Stenosis
Obstruction of blood flow from L vent to the aorta during systole. This = vent hypertrophy and increased myocardial oxygen consumption. This = lowered CO=lowered tissue perfusion and leads to heart failure.

8. Vascular Disorders
P. 803
PAD: intermittent claudication, paresthesia, more likely to have CAD
Management:
Tobacco cessation
Physical exercise
Ideal body weight
Plavix & pentoxyfylline
Treat hyperlipidemia
Surgery: with graft or amputation or popliteal peripheral bypass surgery

9. ABI with PAD
P. 805
Done with Doppler
Classifies mild , mod. or severe PAD

10. VENOUS PROBLEMS P. 816 Phlebitis Thronboembolus
Anything that causes venous stasis
Drugs:
thrombin inhibitors (bivalrudin, apixaban, dabigatran, )
low molecular wt. heparin (lovenox or arixtra)

11. V for venous and A for arterial
Vena cava filters
P. 822
Chart p. 823
Leg ulcers
V for venous and A for arterial