1. (A) Serum antibody and antigen levels in hepatitis A and hepatitis B
(A) Serum antibody and antigen levels in hepatitis A and hepatitis B. (AST, aspartate aminotransferase, a marker for hepatocellular injury and necrosis; IgM anti-HAV, early antibody response to hepatitis A infection; IgG anti-HAV, late antibody response to hepatitis A infection; HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen, a marker of active viral gene expression; HBeAg, hepatitis B early antigen, a marker of infectivity.) Antibodies to the surface or early antigens (anti-HBs or anti-HBe) indicate immunity. (Redrawn, with permission, from Chandrasoma P et al, eds. Concise Pathology, 3rd ed. Originally published by Appleton & Lange. Copyright © 1998 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.) (B) Course of acute, resolving HCV infection. (ALT, Alanine aminotransferase; HCV RNA, hepatitis C viral load; anti-HCV, HCV antibody.) (Redrawn, with permission, from Hoofnagle JH. Course and outcome of hepatitis C. Hepatology Nov;36(5 Suppl 1):S21–9.)
Source: Liver Disease, Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine, 7e
Citation: Hammer GD, McPhee SJ. Pathophysiology of Disease: An Introduction to Clinical Medicine, 7e; 2013 Available at: Accessed: October 08, 2017
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