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Fertilization and Implantation Week One of Human Development
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The Embryonic and Fetal Periods
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During the 4th Week Primordial Germ Cells Migrate into the Posterior Body Wall of the Embryo
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Gametogenesis of Germ Cells in the Male and Female reduces the number of chromosomes in the germ cells from 46 to 23
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Spermatogenesis and Differentiation
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Sperm produced in the Seminiferous Tubules are stored in the Epididymis
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Gametogenesis of Germ Cells in the Male and Female
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Maturing Follicle Number of Primordial Follicles at 5 months: 7 million at birth: million at puberty: 400,000 remain Fewer than 500 follicles will be released during reproductive years
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Changes in the condition of the uterus and corresponding changes in the ovary during a regular menstrual cycle Key Events 1.) maturation of a single oocyte and follicle 2.) proliferation of the uterine endometrium 3.) the process of ovulation 4.) developpment of the follicle into corpus luteum 5.) if no implantation, the degeneration of the corpus lteum and the sloughing off of the uterine endometrium
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Your Most Fertile Time A woman’s most fertile period is typically several days before, and no more than one day after, ovulation. To increase chances of becoming pregnant, women should monitor body temperature, cervical mucus production, and LH levels.
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Fertility Fact An average couple who do not practice contraception and have intercourse twice a week have a better than 50% chance of fertilizing any given oocyte. Because half of all embryos are aborted, the chance that one month’s intercourse will produce a term pregnancy is thus about 25%.
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Summary of the Ovarian Cycle, Fertilization and Human Development during the First Week
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The Female Reproductive Organs
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Miracle of Life: The Egg’s Journey
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Fertilization is a Complex Interaction Between Sperm and Oocyte
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Miracle of Life: The Sperm’s Journey
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Cleavage of the Zygote and Formation of the Blastocyst
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Cleavage and Transport down the Oviduct
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Miracle of Life: Cleavage
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Embryonic Stem Cell Research
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Abnormal Implantation Sites of the Blastocyst
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How Dizygotic Twins Develop
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How Monozygotic Twins Develop
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Conjoined Twins (1 in 200,000 live births)
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Parasitic Twins (1-2,000,000 births)
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Implantation of the Blastocyst (Day 7)
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By 8 Days, the Amniotic Cavity Appears
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By 9 Days, the Embryo is Completely Implanted in the Uterine Endometrium
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Days 10-13 of Embryonic Development
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Days 12-15 of Embryonic Development
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In vitro Fertilization
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