1. American & 1798 Rebellion

2. Why did the Maerican Revolution Start?
Enlightenment: educated people began to question old ways... New ideass
NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION
Americans thought it was unfair to pay tax, when they did not have any representatives in government
Boston Massacre- British troops killed 5 locals
Boston Tea Party- A group of indians disguised as indians onto British ships and dumped tea in water
First Continental Congress- delegates from 13 colonies met in Philadelphia

3. War of independence
April American troops ambushed Britihs troops at Lexington and Concord
Americans drove British from Bunker Hill
May Second continental congress met. George Washington was made commander in chief of army
4 July declaration of Independence
‘All men are created equal’
Wanted a president

4. Cont... British captured New York and Philadelphia British now winning
Americans retreated to Valley of Forge
Spent winter here in terrible conditions
France entered war on side of Americans
Oct British surrendered at Yorktown

5. Why did the Americans win the war?
Frnach army were experienced and well trained
G. Washington was a great commander in chief
Guerrilla warfare

6. Impact of war Caused a revolution in France
Returned to France with idea that King had not God given right
France’s help- cost them alot of money. France now in debt and this made people angry
Ireland- Revolution began to try to get equal rights

7. George Washington State of Virginia Inherited large estate of 10,000
British army
Married Martha Dandridge
Virginian representative on Frist continental Congress
Commander in chief of army
Won at Boston
Lost at NY and Phildelphia
Valley Forge
Yorktown
First president years
Retired Mount Vernon

8. 1798 Rebellion Causes
1.Religious Discrimination- Protestants control Ireland. Catholics could not sit in parliment. Pay tithes. Presbyterians also felt angry 2. Poverty- Most were small farmers or labourers. Paid high rents 3. American & French Revolutions- Wnated Freedom and Democracy. Inspired by ideas sucha s Liberty, equality and fraternity

9. Events of 1798
Society of united Irishmen was founded. They wanted to unite all religions and equal rights
1794 united Irishmen was banned by Britihs Government
Tone left for US
Tone then went to France
A french fleet of 143 ships arrived in Bantry Bay
Bad weather meant they could not land
Reign of terror-Pitchcapping-Half hanging

10. Events of 1798 Another rebellion in Leinster... Defeated
Rebellion in Wexford-
Led by Fr. John Murphy
Defeated British at Oulart Hll, Enniscorthy and Wexford Town
Defeated at New ross and Arklow and Vinegar Hill
Rebels were executed

11. Events of 1798 Ulster- Connaught- Last Try-
Henry Joy McCracken and henry Munroe led revolts in Antrim and down but were defeated.
Connaught-
Tone retuned with French at Killala Co. Mayo
Victory for rebels ‘Races of castlebar’
Lost at Ballinamuck
Last Try-
French arrived with Tone at Lough Swilly Co. Donegal
He was captured, he committed suicide

12. Effects of 1798
Act of union- No longer a parliament in Dublin. Ireland was ruled directly from NI
Republicanism- More people were inspired by Tone and wanted a republic. Other followed suhc as Robert Emmet and later 1916 Rising heroes such as...
Patrick Pearse

13. A Revolutionary Leader Wolfe Tone
Dublin born
Protestant
Father coachmaker
Married Matilda Witherington (16)
Studied law at trinity, barrister
Interested in politics
United irishmen
French help
Bantry Bay Us
Lough Swilly
Death

14. Exam questions
A supporter of a named revolutionary leader during the period
A named leader involved in a revolution
Document 2000

15. Agricultural Revolution Before
Open field system
Disadvantages
Weeds spread
Animals strayed
Fields left empty... Waste
Seeds sown by Hand
Birds ate them

16. changes Seed Drill-Jethro Tull Selective Breeding- Robert Bakewell
Made animals fatter
Land enclosure
Fields were divided up into sections and fenced
Weeds and disease could no longer spread
Animals were locked in

17. Before Enclosure

18. After Enclosure

19. Crop rotation
Charles ‘Turnip’ Townshend invented new crop rotation system
Instead of leaving field empty he planted clove ror turnips
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Turnip
Wheat
Clover
Barley
clover
barley

20. Consequences More crops were produced because of new inventions
People lived longer so population growth
Less people needed on land so moved to city in search of work.....
Industrial Revolution

21. Industrial REvolution

22. Why did it begin in Britain?
Population growth 6.5 million to 10 million
Demand for industrial goods
Huge supplies of coal to run machines

23. Inventions Spinning & Weaving People no longer made clothes at home
Machines too big
Factories were built
Growth of cities----- urbanisation

24. Spinning Jame Hargreaves invented Spinning Jenny.
Spin 8 threads at a time
Richard Arkwright- Water frame
Spin hundred threads at a time

25. Weaving John Kay- Flying shuttle Doubled speed of weaving
Edmund Cartwright- Power loom
Steam power to weave cloth quickly

26. Coal Mine Hurriers- carried coal from pit to top
Trapper-sit at door to open and close to circulate air
Dangers
Could collapse
Flooding
Exploisions from leeking gases
Miner’s Cough
Poor eye sight and back pain
Boys and girls carried baskets of coal
Wome would drag cart by a chain
Improvements
Sir humphrey Davy invented Safety lamp stop explosions
Thomas Newcomen invented steam engine to pump water out

27. Improvements Factory Acts
Act 1833 because of Robert owen. Children under 9 could not work in textile mills
People under 18 only work max 69 hours a week!
Act Lords Shaftesbury... Women could no longer work 12 hours a day and should not operate heavy machinery
Women and boys under 10 not allowed work in mines
Children under 10 must get time off to go to school
6am-6pm... 1 ½ for lunch

28. Life in the city Moved from country Slums One roomed house No shower
Porridge and steal bread
Long hours
Hair caught in machines
No windows opened
Children fix machines
Hit or fine if talking or take a break
Disease spread such as Tb and Typhoid
Pub

29. Effects of industrial Revolution
Growth of Cities
Growth of Slums
Trade overseas
People exploited
Trade unions

30. Transport Revolution
Turnpike trusts- private companies who built roads and charged a toll
John MacAdam and Thmas Telford imporved roads
Strong Stone foundation
Small stones
Smaller stones and gravel
Sloped for drainage

31. Canals & Railways
Water transport was best way to transport heavy goods such as coal.
James Brindley- first canal
James Watt invented Rotary Steam Engine
Richard Trevithick- steam locomotive that ran on tracks
George Stephenson- First trai between towns and with passengers

32. Effects of Railways Fast, cheap and comfortable travel Clocks
Newspapers
Seaside Towns such as blackpool.

33. Exam Questions A mine or a factory worker during the industrial Rev
A farmer during the Agricultural Revolution !!
1999 Q5 Industrial REV
Q6 A Agricultural REVolution (2008)