1. Effect
Alcohol
Marijuana
Cocaine
Heroin
Tobacco
Low Birth Weight √
Impaired Growth
Facial Malformation
Small Head
Development Delay
Hyperactivity
Sleeping Problems
Poor Feeding
Excessive Crying
Risk of Cot Death
Organ Damage
Respiratory Issues

2. Problems & Concerns: 0-2 Years
Sleep disturbances, poor wake/sleep cycle
Poor sucking responses
Delayed toilet training
Failure to thrive
Difficulty in following directions
Delays in walking and talking
Temper tantrums and disobedience
Distractibility
Sensory Issues
Sensory Processing Problem
Hyperactive
Ritualistic Behaviour
Learning Issues
Problems & Concerns: 7-11 Years
Problems & Concerns: Years
Easily influenced
Lying, stealing, passivity to requests
Have difficulty predicting or understanding
Faulty logic
consequences
Difficulty comprehending and reacting
Appearance of capability without actual ability
appropriately to others feelings and needs
Difficulty separating fact from fiction
Low motivation
Temper tantrums, lying, stealing,
Low self esteem
disobedience, defiance of authority
Academic Ceiling (spiky profile)
Delayed physical and cognitive skills
Concerns of jobs, housing,
Poor comprehension of social rules and
relationships, money
expectations

3. Common Problems in EYSF
Common Problems in KS1
• Poor fine motor skills
• Phonics
• Inability to sit still
• Handwriting
• Play alongside not with other children
• Looking at blackboard, looking down at paper
• Temper tantrums
• Sitting still for longer
• Inability to follow instructions
• Social expectations
Common Problems in KS2
• Lunchtime and playtimes
• Maths – more abstract
• Following class instructions
• More abstract concepts and thinking
• Lining up, sitting on the carpet
• Time and Money
Common Problems in KS3
• Changing for PE
• Planning and organising themselves
• Unstructured times
• Getting around school
• Social Interaction
• Sexualised Behaviour
Common Problems in KS4
• Social interaction; classroom and playground
• GCSE choices
• Changing teachers, rooms, expectations
• Exams – may need longer
• Concept of time
• Sexualised behaviour
• The Internet World
• What next?
• Lack of independent life skills

4. Reframing
Acting like a child -> Is a child
Won’t -> Can’t
Lazy and doesn’t try -> Exhausted with trying
Doesn’t care -> Doesn’t understand feelings
Refuses to sit still -> Over stimulated / needs contact
Forgets everything -> Can’t remember
Fussy, demanding -> Hypersensitive
Steals -> Doesn’t understand ownership
Doesn’t get the obvious -> Doesn’t learn from experience
Calculating and sly -> Doesn’t understand social norms
General Strategies
Routine / Structure – a caring and consistent environment
Tell them what you want them to do, not what you do not want them to do
3Rs - Repetition, Repetition, Repetition.
Rhythm
Small Group work
Buddy / Friendship Circle / Role Models
Pre-Teach / Social Stories
Minimise transitions – give clear que to transitions
Movement, Music, Drama, Show not Tell