1. Classical Greece

2. Greece
16ABC

3. Geography Large mountainous peninsula Hilly terrain
Farming was difficult
Relied on trade
Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea
16C

4. 16ABC

5. Greek Civilization Minoans 2,000 BC – 1,400 BC
lived on the island Crete
Developed their own writing
Used copper bronze
Built ships
Mysteriously collapsed
Mycenae (my-see-nee)(1,400 BC – 1,200 BC)
Warrior people

6. 16ABC

7. Rise of City-States
Mountains, seas cut off populations from one another
Isolation
Caused different
communities to develop
their own ways of life.
City-states developed
Had a govt
System of laws
3A 16C 21B

8. Rise of City-States Polis = a town where people would meet
discuss political, economical, social and religious activities
Olympic games played every 4 years to honor Zeus
Honored athletes and competition
Pleased the gods
3A 21B

10. Sparta important city-state large slave population = wealth
Controlled and disciplined lives
Large effective army!
no arts or new ideas
Only war mattered
Boys trained very young
21B 24A

12. Athens Limited Democracy – government controlled by its citizens
“Rule of the people”
Only men over 30 yrs could participate
Women, foreigners, slaves = non- citizens
Oligarchy =Ruled by small group of elite, wealthy people
3A 16B 21B

13. Athens Rights Responsibilities Voting Passing laws
Speaking at public meetings
Responsibilities
Participating in govt
Paying taxes
Following laws
21B 22B

14. Athens Jury system Trial by a jury of your peers
Innocent until proven guilty
laws of Sparta and Athens
equal justice to all
21B 22B

15. Society Patriarchal women had little political life
women ran households
Women shared in family businesses
Children were educated at home by mothers,
Children helped farm
24A

16. The Persian Wars (490 BC-479 BC)
Persian War = united all the Greek city-states against Persia
Greeks vs. Persian Empire
King Xerxes
Greek victories at Marathon and Salamis
barley beat the Persians
faster Greek naval ships helped them win 3A

18. The Golden Age of Pericles
Era of peace and achievements after the Persian Wars
Freedom and confidence
strengthening of navy and overseas trade
direct democracy
One person, one vote
3A 20A

19. Philosophy Philosophy = “love of wisdom” Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Human reasoning
Understand the world, solve its problems
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Applied logic to science
3A 25B

20. Art Statues and buildings with balance and proportions
painted with bright colors
sculptures
use of columns
Parthenon = marble temple for Athena
Acropolis = hilltop
3A 26A 25B

23. Science and Math Eratosthenes = geographer Hipparchus = mathematician
Earth was round
calculated its circumference
Hipparchus = mathematician
Latitude, longitude
27AE

24. Science and Math Archimedes = greatest mathematician of ancient times
geometry
Studied pulleys and levers
Measured volume and density
Designed catapults
Studied pi
27AE

25. Science and Math Pythagoras Euclid Geometry, philosopher
numbers are useful for more than counting things
formulas could help establish patterns in nature
Modern scientific theory is based on his theories
Euclid
geometry
27AE

26. Science and Math Aristarchus Sun is larger than Earth
Earth and other planets revolve around Sun
27A

27. Ancient Epidaurus 3A

28. Peloponnesian Wars (432 BC – 404 BC)
Athens had power to tax other city-states
Sparta declares war!
Sparta wins
Athens is weakened forever

30. Alexander the Great
Inherited throne of Macedonia
Military tactics and leadership
Conquered the Persian Empire to the Indus River Valley
spread Greek thought and practice across Africa, Europe, and Southwest Asia 3A

31. Alexander the Great

33. Hellenistic Age
Hellenistic Age= blend of Greek culture with cultures from the Middle East and India
Spread through conquest
Library in Alexandria, Egypt = encouraged learning
Hellenistic art, math, science, trade 3A