1. Industrial Revolution
A time of great rapid changes beginning in the early 1800’s when people switched from making goods by hand to manufacturing them with power-driven machines
Agriculture declines
Factories and urban population increase
Inventions and technology increase
Immigrants and blacks migrate into the northern cities
Worker unions form

2. Famous Inventors Henry Ford
First powered car and the assembly line which allowed factories to manufacture goods faster, cheaper, and in larger quantities

3. Thomas Edison Famous Inventors
Most prolific inventor in U.S. history. Held a record 1,093 patents in a wide range of fields, including telecommunications, electric power, sound recording, motion pictures, primary and storage batteries, and mining and cement technology
Telegraph, phonograph, light bulb
motion picture camera, …

4. Alexander Graham Bell Famous Inventors
Worked with hearing impaired and invented the first telephone

5. Orville and Wilbur Wright
Famous Inventors
Orville and Wilbur Wright
Invented the first powered airplane

6. North Carolina’s Three Main Industries
Textiles Tobacco Furniture

7. Piedmont Crescent
The Piedmont Crescent is the most densely populated region of the North Carolina.

8. Piedmont Crescent Formed along the first railroad system in NC.
Includes:
Charlotte
Raleigh
Durham
Greensboro
Winston – Salem

9. Industrialists
John D. Rockefeller oil Andrew Carnegie steel The Dukes tobacco and hydro-electric power

10. Rockefeller, Carnegie, and the Duke’s
Stinkin, filthy rich
Monopolized an industry
Philanthropist – a wealthy person who promotes welfare by donating money to educational and cultural institutions

11. Monopoly and Trust MONOPOLY – a company that
controls all production and sales of a
particular product or service
TRUST – group of corporations that unite in order to reduce competition and control prices in a business or an industry
Both are illegal due to the negative effects it had on the economy (ie. disparity in wealth and restriction of small business owners)

12. Robber Barons
Name given to the industrialists that used their power and influence to ruthlessly take advantage of workers and destroy competitors in order to gain wealth.

13. Types of Businesses
corporation – A group of people who are allowed by law to act as a business. They raise money by selling stock (shares of ownership) in the company.
monopoly – A business which gains complete control of a certain product, service, or industry. When companies buy up other companies to control the sale of a product.
trust – a combination of corporations formed by a legal agreement to reduce or threaten to reduce competition in order to control prices

14. Positive Effects on Agriculture
New methods of farming - ie. rotating crops
Farming becomes more productive due to fertilizer, pesticides, steel plows
Machines replace human labor
Farming becomes easier with new technology
Could transport goods faster with railroads and cars
Telephones could connect farmers and cities
Post offices allowed farmers to order supplies and tools through catalogues
Farmer’s Alliance – farmer’s union formed to help address their issues

15. Negative Effects on Agriculture
New Technology = less farmers needed = move to the city to find work
Prices of crops fell
Prices of tools, machines, seeds, and shipping went up
Farmers had to take out loans and often couldn’t repay them
High land tax
Sharecroppers stayed in debt

16. Positive Effects New kinds of jobs and opportunities opened up
Urbanization- a movement of people from low populated, rural areas to highly populated cities and towns.
Positive Effects
New kinds of jobs and opportunities opened up
New modes of transportation
Suburbs began to open up
Immigration created diversity
Steel structures and skyscrapers were built
New inventions and most people had electricity and running water
Labor unions were formed to help workers

17. Urbanization- a movement of people from low populated, rural areas to highly populated cities and towns.
Negative Effects
Immigrants lived in extreme poverty in crowded tenements
Sweatshops and child labor
Overcrowding, disease, pollution, crime
Corrupt government officials that did not address the problems of the common people
Big businesses monopolizing industry and getting wealthy off of exploiting workers (long hours, low pay, and dangerous conditions)