1. Lesson 1 Classifying Living Things Lesson 2 Cells Chapter Wrap-Up
Chapter Introduction
Lesson 1 Classifying Living Things
Lesson 2 Cells
Chapter Wrap-Up
Chapter Menu

2. How is the classification of living things related to the structure of their cells?
Chapter Introduction

3. What do you think?
Before you begin, decide if you agree or disagree with each of these statements. As you view this presentation, see if you change your mind about any of the statements.
Chapter Introduction

4. Do you agree or disagree?
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. A group of organs that work together and perform a function is called a tissue.
3. Living things are classified based on similar characteristics.
Chapter Introduction

5. Do you agree or disagree?
4. Cell wall is a term used to describe the cell membrane.
5. Prokaryotic cells contain a nucleus.
6. Plants use chloroplasts to process energy.
Chapter Introduction

6. Lesson 1 Reading Guide - KC
Classifying Living Things
What are living things?
What do living things need?
How are living things classified?
Lesson 1 Reading Guide - KC

7. Lesson 1 Reading Guide - Vocab
Classifying Living Things
autotroph
heterotroph
habitat
binomial nomenclature
taxon
Lesson 1 Reading Guide - Vocab

8. What are living things?
All living things have six characteristics in common:
Living things are made of cells.
Living things are organized.
Living things grow and develop.
Living things respond to their environment.
Living things reproduce.
Living things use energy.
Lesson 1-1

9. What are living things? (cont.)
Lesson 1-1

10. What are living things? (cont.)
Some living things are unicellular, which means they are made up of only one cell.
Many living things are made of more than one cell and are called multicellular organisms.
Multicellular organisms can have several layers of organization.
Lesson 1-1

11. What are living things? (cont.)
Groups of cells that work together and perform a specific function are called tissues.
Tissues that work together and carry out a specific function are called organs.
Organs that work together and perform a specific function are called organ systems.
Lesson 1-1

12. What are living things? (cont.)
During their lifetimes, living things grow, or increase in size.
Living things develop, or change, during their lifetimes.
Lesson 1-1

13. What are living things? (cont.)
Organisms that convert light energy to usable energy are called autotrophs.
Heterotrophs are organisms that obtain energy from other organisms.
If an organism detects a change in its external environment, it will respond to that change.
Lesson 1-1

14. What do living things need?
A specific environment where an organism lives is its habitat.
habitat
from Latin habitare, means “to live or dwell”
Lesson 1-2

15. What do living things need? (cont.)
An organism’s habitat must provide the food and water that it needs.
Lesson 1-2

16. What do living things need?
Lesson 1-2

17. How are living things classified?
Scientists group organisms with similar traits and use a system to name them.
Binomial nomenclature is a naming system that gives each living thing a two-word scientific name.
The branch of science that classifies living things is called taxonomy.
A group of organisms is called a taxon.
Lesson 1-3

18. How are living things classified? (cont.)
Using taxonomy, scientists divide all living things on Earth into three groups called domains.
Domains are divided into kingdoms, and then phyla, classes, orders, families, genera, and species.
Lesson 1-3

19. Lesson 1-3

20. How are living things classified? (cont.)
A dichotomous key is a tool used to identify an organism based on its characteristics.
Dichotomous keys contain descriptions of traits that are compared when classifying an organism.
Lesson 1-3

21. How are living things classified? (cont.)
key
Science Use an aid to identification
Common Use a device to open a lock
Lesson 1-3

22. How are living things classified?
Lesson 1-3

23. All living things grow, develop, and reproduce.
All living things are organized, respond to their environment, and use energy.
Lesson 1 - VS

24. Scientists use a classification system to group organisms with similar traits and genetic makeup.
Lesson 1 - VS

25. Which term refers to living things made up of only one cell?
A. autotrophs
B. heterotrophs
C. multicellular
D. unicellular
Lesson 1 – LR1

26. Which describes organisms that convert light energy to usable energy?
A. autotrophs
B. heterotrophs
C. multicellular
D. plasmodial
Lesson 1 – LR2

27. A. binomial nomenclature B. dichotomous key C. habitat D. taxon
Which is a tool used by scientists to identify an organism based on its characteristics?
A. binomial nomenclature
B. dichotomous key
C. habitat
D. taxon
Lesson 1 – LR3

28. 1. All living things are made of cells.
Do you agree or disagree?
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. A group of organs that work together and perform a function is called a tissue.
3. Living things are classified based on similar characteristics.
Lesson 1 - Now

29. Lesson 2 Reading Guide - KC
Cells
What is a cell made of?
How do the parts of a cell enable it to survive?
Lesson 2 Reading Guide - KC

30. Lesson 2 Reading Guide - Vocab
Cells
prokaryotic cell
eukaryotic cell
cytoplasm
mitochondrion
Lesson 2 Reading Guide - Vocab

31. What are cells?
All living things have cells, the basic unit of an organism.
Microscopes are used to view details of small objects or to view things that are too small to be seen by the unaided eye.
Photodisc/Getty Images
Lesson 2-1

32. What are cells made of?
Cells are made of four types of macromolecules—nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates.
Cells are surrounded by a cell membrane which keeps substances inside the cell and helps protect the cell by keeping harmful substances from entering.
Lesson 2-2

33. What are cells made of?
Lesson 2-2

34. Types of Cells
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles.
Lesson 2-3

35. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles.
Lesson 2-3

36. The Outside of a Cell
The cell membrane is made of lipids and proteins.
Lipids protect the inside of a cell from the external environment.
Proteins and lipids in the cell membrane transport substances between the outside of a cell and the inside of a cell.
Lesson 2-4

37. Some cells have a cell wall—a strong, rigid layer outside the cell membrane.
Lesson 2-4

38. The Inside of a Cell The inside of a cell is mainly water.
This makes it easier for the substances to move around inside a cell, gives cells their shapes, and helps keep the structures inside a cell organized.
The liquid part of a cell inside the cell membrane is called the cytoplasm.
Lesson 2-5

39. The Inside of a Cell (cont.)
The information that controls all of a cell’s activities is stored in its genetic material, called DNA.
The information in DNA is transferred to another nucleic acid called RNA, which gives cells instructions about which proteins need to be made.
Lesson 2-5

40. The Inside of a Cell (cont.)
Mitochondria are organelles that break down food and release energy.
Chloroplasts capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis.
Lesson 2-5

41. The Inside of a Cell (cont.)
mitochondrion
from Greek mitos, means “thread”; and khondrion, means “little granule”
Lesson 2-5

42. The Inside of a Cell (cont.)
Proteins are made on the surface of ribosomes that are in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
An organelle called the Golgi apparatus packages proteins into tiny organelles called vesicles, which transport proteins around a cell.
Other molecules are stored in organelles called vacuoles.
Lesson 2-5

43. The Inside of a Cell (cont.)
How do the parts of a cell enable it to survive?
Lesson 2-5

44. Prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell membrane but have no internal organelles with membranes.
Lesson 2 - VS

45. Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and many other organelles.
Plant cells have cell walls, chloroplasts, and a large vacuole.
Lesson 2 - VS

46. Which term refers to cells that have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles?
A. cytoplasm
B. eukaryotic cells
C. mitochondria
D. prokaryotic cells
Lesson 2 – LR1

47. Which are organelles that break down food and release energy?
A. cytoplasm
B. eukaryotic cells
C. Golgi apparatus
D. mitochondria
Lesson 2 – LR2

48. Proteins are made on the surface of which of the following?
A. cytoplasm
B. mitochondria
C. ribosomes
D. vacuoles
Lesson 2 – LR3

49. 4. Cell wall is a term used to describe the cell membrane.
Do you agree or disagree?
4. Cell wall is a term used to describe the cell membrane.
5. Prokaryotic cells contain a nucleus.
6. Plants use chloroplasts to process energy.
Lesson 2 - Now

50. Interactive Concept Map Chapter Review Standardized Test Practice
Key Concept Summary
Interactive Concept Map
Chapter Review
Standardized Test Practice
Chapter Review Menu

51. Organisms are classified based on similar characteristics, including cell structure and function.
The BIG Idea

52. Lesson 1: Classifying Living Things
Living things are organized, process energy, grow, reproduce, respond to stimuli, and contain cells.
Living things need food, water, and a habitat.
Organisms are classified based on similar characteristics.
Key Concepts 1

53. Lesson 2: Cells Cells are made of water and macromolecules.
Different parts of a cell enable it to perform special functions.
Key Concepts 2

54. Which is a specific environment where an organism lives?
A. habitat
B. kingdom
C. phyla
D. taxon
Chapter Review – MC1

55. What is the branch of science that classifies living things?
A. biology
B. chemistry
C. taxonomy
D. binomial nomenclature
Chapter Review – MC2

56. What is the source of energy for heterotrophs?
A. air
B. light
C. other organisms
D. water
Chapter Review – MC3

57. What is the liquid part of a cell inside the cell membrane?
A. cell wall
B. cytoplasm
C. mitochondria
D. proteins
Chapter Review – MC4

58. Which term refers to cells that do not have a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles?
A. cytoplasm
B. eukaryotic cells
C. mitochondria
D. prokaryotic cells
Chapter Review – MC5

59. Which term refers to living things made of more than one cell?
A. autotrophs
B. heterotrophs
C. multicellular
D. unicellular
Chapter Review – STP1

60. A. binomial nomenclature B. domains C. phyla D. taxon
Which term refers to the three groups scientists use to divide all living things on Earth?
A. binomial nomenclature
B. domains
C. phyla
D. taxon
Chapter Review – STP2

61. Which transports substances between a cell’s environment and the inside of the cell?
A. carbohydrates
B. cytoplasm
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
Chapter Review – STP3

62. Which is the genetic material that controls all of a cell’s activities?
A. DNA
B. mitochondria
C. ribosomes
D. RNA
Chapter Review – STP4

63. Which capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis?
A. chloroplasts
B. mitochondria
C. proteins
D. vacuoles
Chapter Review – STP5