1. Matter

2. Matter
Def: Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume).
3 states of matter
Solid: has definite shape and volume, particles are tightly packed, move little
Liquid: takes shape of container, has a definite volume, particles less tight, more movement
Gas: takes shape of container, has indefinite volume, particles are far apart, fast movement
(Vapor is the gas of a substance liquid at RT)

3. Matter All Matter is divided into 2 categories 1. Substances
Pure composition, distinct properties
2. Mixture of substances
Composition and properties vary with proportion of substances mixed

4. Two types of Substances
Elements
Compounds
Same type of atom
Sorted in the PT
Simplest substance, cannot be broken down further
Only nuclear methods can change one element into another
Chemical combination of 2 or more atoms
Ex.
Water, H2O
Carbon dioxide, CO2
Macromolecules
Carbs, Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins

5. Mixtures: Physical blend of 2 or more substances
B. Heterogeneous
A. Homogeneous
Different properties when sampled from different areas
Ex.
Oil and water
Sand and water
granite
Often has
distinct phases
Identical properties throughout the mixture
Salt water
Koolaid
They are also called Solutions (homogeneous chemical liquid mix)

6. How to separate substances from Homogeneous Mixture
A. Distillation/ Evaporation
B. Chromatography
Separation by boiling pt

7. How to separate substances from Heterogeneous Mixture
Filtration
By hand
Sieves

8. Change – Chemical vs. Physical
Chemical Change- Chem. REACTION Rx
Physical Change
One or more substances change into one or more new substances
Key words:
React, burn, rot, decompose, rust, corrode, explosions
The physical properties of a substance changes, chemical composition does not
Key words:
Melt, freeze, condense, boil, mix, stir, break, split, cut

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