1. Classification of Living Things
Chapter 1.3C

2. How are living things classified?
Organisms are classified by their cell type.
Scientists have identified three main domains.
A domain is a broad category of living things that is based on characteristics of their cells.

3. Domain: Archaea (“ancient”)
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
Simple structure
Cell Wall
Able to live in extreme
conditions (extreme heat,
little oxygen)
Genetically different from bacteria

4. Domain: Bacteria
Prokaryotic
Unicellular
Simple structure
Cell Wall

5. Domain: Eukarya Have nucleus
Includes almost all multicellular organisms on Earth: plants, animals, and fungi
Includes many unicellular organisms called protists

6. 5 Kingdom System
Animal Kingdom: invertebrates, vertebrates, multicellular, no cell walls, obtain
energy through respiration
Plant Kingdom: multicellular, have cell walls, obtain energy through photosynthesis (ex: mosses, ferns, flowering and seed plants)
Fungi Kingdom: Cells with cell walls but not green and do not carry out photosynthesis, break down other organic materials to obtain food (ex: mushrooms, mold, yeast)

7. 5 Kingdom System (cont.)
Protist Kingdom: come in a wide variety of forms, some are animal-like, such
as amoeba, paramecium and
protozoan. Some are plant-like,
such as algae, and others are
fungi-like. Many are single-celled
and others are multicellular.
Monera Kingdom: Some photosynthesize while others respire. The nucleus of moneran cells are not bounded by nuclear membranes like cells in other kingdoms. (ex: bacteria and blue-green algae)

8. Classification of Humans— Homo sapiens
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primata
Family: Hominadae
Genus: Homo
Species: sapiens (note: species is not capitalized)
The two part naming system is called binomial nomenclature.