1. Energy: How Does It Affects Our Lives?
Speaker should fill in name and date.

2. Energy: Where Would We Be Without It?
Heats our homes
Makes electricity
Fuels cars, trucks, buses and planes
Products made from oil and gas
Backpacks
Toys
Glasses
Clothing
The speaker can set the scene. Ask the students to point out additional items that are made from petroleum products that they use every day.

3. Energy: Where Would We Be Without It?
Heats our homes
Makes electricity
Fuels cars, trucks, buses and planes
Products made from oil and gas
Backpacks
Toys
Glasses
Clothing
The speaker can set the scene. Ask the students to point out additional items that are made from petroleum products that they use every day.

4. Types of Energy Sources
Non-renewable
Come out of ground as liquids, gases and solids
Cannot be renewed – or made again – in a short time
Examples: oil, coal, natural gas (fossil fuels)
Renewable
Can be renewed – made again – in a short time
Examples: hydropower (water), solar (sun), wind, geothermal (heat from the earth), biomass (organic material made from plants or animals)
Speaker notes: Cite this example from an article in “Wired”* magazine of the role the oil industry has played in developing this creative source of renewable energy – wind power:
“Inherit the Wind
The Gulf Coast is littered with the carcasses of unused oil equipment. Now those structures are being repurposed to build the first offshore wind farm in the United States. By John Geoghegan
The port of Iberia has never been busier. Situated on a narrow canal leading to the Louisiana coastline, the docks here throb with the sound of tugboats towing oil platforms to and from their anchorages in the Gulf of Mexico. When a drilling site is depleted, the platforms return to port; the docks are littered with rusting steel hulks waiting for their next run.
In December, though, one of these platforms, stripped and refurbished by a local startup, returned to sea with a new mission. The first of a flotilla to come, it carried wind-monitoring equipment as well as radar for tracking migratory birds. Those that follow will be topped not by drilling rigs but by windmills. The turbines are bound for an 18-square-mile area roughly 10 miles off the coast of Galveston, Texas, where the first offshore wind farm in the US is under construction. That’s right: The flower of sustainable energy is blooming in oil country. Get ready for the Great Texas Wind Rush.
Formed in 2004, Wind Energy Systems Technology (WEST) is on track to commercialize offshore wind power well ahead of more established and better funded contenders with greener credentials. At $240 million and 150 megawatts of peak output—enough to power 45,000 homes—the project is modest. But the eyes of the alt-energy world are upon it. ‘WEST may not be in the mainstream, but they’re definitely serious,’ says Walt Musial at the National Wind Technology Center in Colorado. ‘They might actually do it.’
Wind energy is the most promising carbon-free, nonnuclear alternative to fossil-fueled grid power….
…a Stanford University study that identified the Louisiana-Texas coastline as one of the best spots in the US for wind power. Average wind speed is exceptionally high, and it blows hardest during the hottest hours of the day, when demand for power is at its peak and electricity prices are highest…
[Two partners]…drew up a plan to bring offshore wind power to the oil patch. The key was to take advantage of existing oil-industry infrastructure. To save the expense of designing and building specialized offshore wind equipment, they would mount conventional windmills on decommissioned oil platforms. Hurricanes could be a problem, so they decided to outfit their windmills with hydraulic lifts scavenged from oil-industry machinery; the system would lower the turbines in the event of a squall. All told, the economics would enable WEST to compete with land-based wind power—in which Texas leads the nation—as well as with energy from increasingly pricey natural gas and newer coal plants that are still paying off construction costs…”
*Source: “Wired” magazine, Issue February Read more at

5. Fossil Fuels – Nature’s Batteries
86% of energy used in U.S. comes from fossil fuels
Oil
Natural gas
Coal
Speaker notes: Fossil fuels are “nature’s batteries.” They have stored the sun’s energy from millennia past, and we draw on them today.
Oil is used for transportation.
Coal and natural gas are used for power plants.

6. Where Are the “Fossils” In Fossil Fuels?
Fossil fuels were formed a very long time ago under tremendous pressure.
Speaker notes: Oil was formed from the remains of sea plants and animals that lived a long, long time ago! The sea plants and animals died and were buried on the ocean floor under layers and layers of mud (sand). Over time, their remains were buried deeper and deeper. Enormous heat and pressure from these layers helped turn the dead sea plants and animals into oil and gas. That’s why oil and gas are called “fossil” fuels!

7. Where Are the “Fossils” In Fossil Fuels?
Fossil fuels are the remains of once living organisms that have been buried and compressed under many layers of sediment.
Fossil fuels were forming way before dinosaurs lived
Speaker notes: Even though fossil fuels were used thousands of years ago, mass consumption of oil and gas began only “recently.”
Energy Timeline
1701 Coal discovered near Richmond, Va.
Mid-1800s Kerosene replaced whale oil as lamp fuel.
1859 “Colonel” Edwin Drake drilled the first commercial well and discovers oil and natural gas near Titusville, Penn., 69 feet below the Earth’s surface.
1882 First coal-fired electric generating station began operating in New York City to supply electricity for household lights.
Pre Wood was the primary source for cooking, warmth, light, trains and steamboats.
1890 Cars were mass produced, creating gasoline demand.
1910 Most rural homes still heated with wood. In towns, coal was displacing wood in homes.
1940s –1960s A massive expansion of the U.S. pipeline network began, which led to rapid growth of natural gas markets. Today, this interstate pipeline network, laid end-to-end, would stretch almost 12 times around the earth.
1950 – present Oil became most-used energy source because of automobiles.
1957 The first commercial nuclear power plant began operating.
1993 forward The U.S. imported more oil and refined products from other countries than it produced. More and more imports have been needed because of growing petroleum demand and declining U.S. production.
2001 Of every 10 barrels of petroleum consumed in the United States, more than 4 barrels were consumed in the form of gasoline. Transportation needs accounted for two-thirds of all petroleum used in the United States.

8. Oils and Natural Gas Are Like “Two Peas in a Pod”
Oil is a liquid
Natural Gas is a gaseous substance – like air
Oil and gas move through sand as a team
Gas is less dense
so it always
floats on top
oil!

9. Oil and Gas Are Found On Land and under Water

10. A Closer Look at OIL and GAS
Oil drops in grains of sand
Gas
Oil
Water
Source Rock (Fossils)
Speaker notes: Oil and gas aren’t found in a big underground lake! Engineers drill down through layers of sand and rock to reach the rock formations that contain oil and gas.
Exercise: Put glass beads or marbles into a clear glass. Ask students if the beaker is full. Pour water into the glass to cover the beads or marbles. Point out that the space between the beads/marbles (or rocks) is where oil and gas are found.
Microscopic View

11. Energy Companies Can Help Protect the Environment
Clean up areas after drilling oil and gas wells
Care for plants, animals and the Earth in work areas
Follow governmental rules and regulations

12. But…..Energy Companies Can Also Harm the Environment!
During the spring of 2010, a large company known as BP (British Petroleum) was obtaining oil from the “Deepwater Horizon Well” in the Gulf of Mexico.
After an explosion occurred, a huge oil leak sprung causing millions of gallons of oil to spill into the Gulf region.
The way of life for aquatic organisms and humans was greatly affected.

13. Energy Companies Can Also Harm the Environment…
The oil leak negatively impacted thousands of animals and plant life, including sea birds and many forms of oceanic life.
Fishermen and shrimpers who depended on catching healthy fish and shrimp for a living were also affected.
Economy and business in the area slowed down dramatically and is still recovering in many areas.

14. Why do the organisms die?
Oiled wildlife often dies because oil fouls fur and feathers and destroys their insulation value. Birds and mammals die of hypothermia (they get too cold).
Some animals eat the oil while trying to clean it off their fur or feathers, or while scavenging on dead animals. Oil is toxic when ingested and can cause sickness or death.
The oil impacts some animals in ways that don't result in a quick death. It may cause liver damage or blindness, for example. A sick or impaired animal cannot compete for food or avoid predators. Oil can also impair reproduction.

15. Areas affected by BP oil spill

16. Is this the first time an oil spill has happened?

17. Think – Pair - Share
Turn to a partner and discuss your thoughts and concerns about the presentation to this point. (Be ready to share your thoughts with the class.)
How do you feel about the information presented?
What do you think should be done to prevent incidents like BP from occurring?
What kind of short and long term impacts can events such as BP have on oceanic organisms and wildlife?
Why are energy resources so important to us?
Do the good things about fossil fuels outweigh the bad?

18. Did You Know Energy Vampires Might Lurk in Your House?
Beware!

19. Vampire Energy
“Vampire energy” is a type of energy used by things that consume electricity 24 hours a day, even if you’re not using them and they are turned off.
TVs
VCRs
DVD players
Computers
Printers
Stereos
Microwaves

20. So…What Can You Do to Help?
Unplug appliances directly from the wall when you’re not using them.
Turn off your computer if you’re not using it.

21. What Else Can You Do To Save Energy?
Drive vehicles that get good gas mileage.
Walk, bike ride, or car pool more often.
Turn off lights and ceiling fans when you leave a room.
Use natural light when possible.
Don’t leave the water running when
brushing or washing dishes.
Take shorter showers.

22. This presentation has been modified from
its original version in order to align to the needs
and objectives for student learning in the
El Paso Independent School District.