1. White and dark kidney beans reduce colonic mucosal damage and inflammation in response to dextran sodium sulfate 
Jennifer M. Monk, Claire P. Zhang, Wenqing Wu, Leila Zarepoor, Jenifer T. Lu, Ronghua Liu, K. Peter Pauls, Geoffrey A. Wood, Rong Tsao, Lindsay E. Robinson, Krista A. Power 
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry 
Volume 26, Issue 7, Pages (July 2015)
DOI: /j.jnutbio
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2. Fig. 1
Effect of kidney bean diets on (A) SCFA concentrations, (B) cecum size and (C) colon histomorphology in healthy mice. Values are means±S.E.M., and all data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Fisher's Least Significant Difference (LSD) post hoc test (n=4/dietary group). Bars not sharing a lowercase letter differ (P≤.05). SCFA concentrations are expressed as μmol/g cecum content. Representative images (40×) of colon sections stained with Alcian blue/Nuclear Fast Red highlighting the increased crypt height in the bean-fed mice are shown (scale bar=50μm).
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry  , DOI: ( /j.jnutbio )
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3. Fig. 2
Effect of prefeeding bean diets on (A) DAI, (B) colon weight:length ratio and (C) colon MPO levels. Values are means±S.E.M. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by SNK post hoc test. Bars not sharing a lowercase letter differ (P≤.05). n=5 (BD) and n=8–11/DSS-treated dietary group. MPO data were log-transformed.
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry  , DOI: ( /j.jnutbio )
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4. Fig. 3
Effect of prefeeding bean diets on colonic histological damage, mucification and apoptosis and in DSS-exposed mice. (A) Values are means±S.E.M. Within a row, data not sharing a lowercase letter differ significantly (P≤.05). Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by SNK post hoc (n=8–11/group). (B) Representative images (10×, scale bar=200 μm) of colon sections stained with Alcian blue/Nuclear Fast Red from DSS-exposed BD-fed (i), or prefed WK (ii) and DK (iii) mice; (→) denotes colon regions with increased ulceration and loss of crypts in the BD+DSS group, and (▲) denotes regions with increased production of mucus in colons of mice prefed the bean diets.
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry  , DOI: ( /j.jnutbio )
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5. Fig. 4
Effect of prefeeding bean diets on colon cytokine levels in DSS-treated mice. Mean values±S.E.M. of DSS-treated mice consuming the BD-, WK- or DK-supplemented diets (n=5–10/dietary group). (A) IL-6, (B) IL-1β and (C) IL-10. Data for each cytokine were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, and bars not sharing a lowercase letter differ between dietary groups (P≤.05). Data for IL-10 and IL-6 were log-transformed, and the non-transformed means are presented.
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry  , DOI: ( /j.jnutbio )
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6. Fig. 5
Effect of prefeeding bean diets on serum cytokine levels in DSS-treated mice. Prefeeding WK and DK bean diets attenuated DSS-induced production of (A) IL-1β, (B) IL-6, (C) TNFα, (D) IFNγ, (E) IL-17A and (F) IL-10. Values are mean±S.E.M.; data for each cytokine were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Least Squares Means (LSM) post hoc test (n=6–7/dietary group). Bars not sharing a lowercase letter differ between dietary groups (P≤.05).
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry  , DOI: ( /j.jnutbio )
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7. Fig. 6
Effect of prefeeding bean diets on (A) spleen weight and (B) serum antioxidant activity in DSS-treated mice. Values are mean±S.E.M., and data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by SNK post hoc test (n=9–11). Bars not sharing a lowercase letter differ (P≤.05). TE, Trolox equivalents.
Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry  , DOI: ( /j.jnutbio )
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