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Pregnancy What to Expect!!!
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Journal Writing: What thought will you have when your family becomes pregnant? Does it scare you? What will be the family concerns?
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To prevent Spina Bifida which is brain/spinal cord injuries, a pregnant woman should have plenty of Folic Acid.
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To help with bone density in pregnant mother and fetus, take plenty of the calcium. Calcium comes from: Dairy Yogurt, plain Yogurt, fruit Milk, low fat or nonfat Milk, whole Cheese, including American, ricotta, cheddar cheese and mozzarella cheese Milk shakes Eggnog Non - Dairy Salmon White beans Tofu Rhubarb Sardines Collard greens Spinach Turnip greens Okra Baked beans Broccoli Peas Almonds Bok choy Sesame seeds Brussel sprouts
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How babies come to be.
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An egg goes down the fallopian tube after ovulation; if a sperm makes its way from the vagina through the uterus to the egg within 24 hours, conception is likely to occur.
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Egg surrounded by sperm
Egg surrounded by sperm. A sperm penetrates the egg and conception occurs. It is called a zygote until it reaches the uterus in 3-4 days.
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Signs and Symptoms Pregnancy – 40 weeks
A missing menstrual period Morning sickness and nausea Frequent urination Cravings Breasts enlarge Fatigue and dizziness A simple urine test from the doctor will show whether or not a woman is pregnant.
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The embryo may float freely in the uterus for about 48 hours before implanting.
Upon implantation, complex connections between the mother and embryo develop to form the placenta.
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Call the doctor if any of the following occur:
Vaginal bleeding Sharp abdominal pain or cramping Loss of fluid from the vagina Severe or prolonged nausea or vomiting Frequent dizzy spells Painful urination High fever over 100 degrees F. Vaginal discharge that is irritating
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Other considerations:
No medications, including over-the counter drugs, unless approved by your doctor. No drugs or alcohol. No x-rays. No saunas and hot tubs. No vaccinations during pregnancy. Avoid cats, cattle, sheep and pigs. They have a parasite that causes toxoplasmosis.
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1 Month By the end of the first month, the embryo is about 1/4 of an inch long. The heart, no larger than a poppy seed, has begun beating. Head, mouth, liver, and intestines begin to take shape. twins
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The embryo grows to about an inch long and has distinct, slightly webbed fingers. Veins are clearly visible. The placenta is already nourishing the baby through the umbilical cord. The heart has divided into right and left chambers. Veins are clearly visible. Most vital organs are developed. 2 Months
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Starting at eight weeks, your baby is called a fetus
Starting at eight weeks, your baby is called a fetus. By the end of the first trimester, the fetus is 2 1/2 to 3 inches long and is fully formed. He has begun swallowing and kicking. All organs and muscles have formed and are beginning to function. The arms, legs, hand, and fingers are fully developed. The nails on his fingers and toes are starting to develop. 3 Months
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Skin – Every woman’s body reacts differently to pregnancy.
Oily, dry or scaly Stretch marks Facial skin may darken Emotions Need a few extra breaks or time to relax. May experience mood swings, depression and bad dreams. Feel baby’s movements
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Your baby is about 2 inches long and is covered with a layer of thick, downy hair called lanugo. The first outlines of the face are showing. His heartbeat can be heard clearly. This is when many mothers feel their baby's first thrilling kick. 4 Months
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Alpha-Fetoprotein Testing
The triple screen, quad screen or penta screen AFP testing is done between the 15th and 17th week of pregnancy. It can be used to screen for genetic problems like Down Syndrome, Spina Bifida and Anencephaly. There are many false positives, which can cause worry and lead to unnecessary intervention.
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Amniocentesis Amniocentesis is a prenatal test that allows your healthcare practitioner to gather information about your baby's health from a sample of your amniotic fluid. This is the fluid that surrounds your baby in the uterus.
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Amniocentesis Cont. Amniocentesis is usually done when a woman is between 15 and 20 weeks pregnant. Though all women should be offered the option of having an amnio, women who choose to have this test are primarily those at increased risk for genetic and chromosomal problems, in part because the test is invasive and carries a small risk of miscarriage.
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Amniocentesis Cont. Here are a few other reasons that amniocentesis may be done: To assess the maturity of your baby's lungs when considering an early delivery for medical reasons (unless it's clear the baby needs to be delivered immediately regardless of lung maturity To diagnose or rule out a uterine infection To check on the well-being of your baby if you have a blood sensitization, such as Rh sensitization. This is a complex condition that can occur if your blood is a different type than your baby's. (Note: Obstetricians are increasingly using Doppler ultrasound for this purpose instead of amnio.)
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Amniocentesis Cont. Amniocentesis is used to detect:
Nearly all chromosomal disorders, including Down syndrome, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, and sex chromosome abnormalities (such as Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome). Amniocentesis is more than 99 percent accurate in diagnosing these conditions. Several hundred genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and Tay-Sachs disease. The test is not used to look for all of them, but if your baby is at increased risk for one or more of these disorders, amniocentesis can usually tell you whether he has the disease Neural tube defects such as Spina Bifida and anencephaly, which is done by measuring the level of a substance called alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the amniotic fluid. An amniocentesis cannot, however, detect other structural birth defects — such as heart malformations or a cleft lip or palate, for example. That said, many structural defects can be picked up on the second-trimester ultrasound that's routinely done for every woman having an amnio.
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5 Months If you have an ultrasound, you might see him sucking his thumb. By the end of this month, your baby will be nearly 8 inches long and weigh almost a pound. The skull bones are the most important bones being developed at this time.
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Tiny eyebrows and eyelids are visible
Tiny eyebrows and eyelids are visible. There is a lot of evidence to show that the baby can hear the outside world. Your baby's lungs are filled with amniotic fluid, and he has started to practice breathing movements. If you talk or sing, he can hear you. Fingerprints are formed. 6 Months
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»Fetus inhales amniotic fluid to practice breathing
Abdomen enlarges Fatigue is common Expectant fathers take more interest because they can feel the baby move. Baby moves a lot A mother should feel the baby move every couple of hours. If not, she should call her doctor. Mother feeling the fetus kicking is called quickening. »Fetus inhales amniotic fluid to practice breathing
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Discomforts that might be experienced
Heartburn Shortness of breath Heart palpitations Leg cramps Round ligament pains Discomforts that might be experienced
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By the end of the seventh month, your baby weighs about 3 1/2 pounds and is about 12 inches long. His body is well formed. Fingernails cover his fingertips. He may try to turn toward a source of bright light. Skin covered with waxy substance 7 Months
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Your baby is gaining about half a pound per week, and layers of fat are piling on under his skin. He has probably turned head-down in preparation for his coming birth. He weighs between 4 and 6 pounds. 8 Months
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Your baby is a hefty 6 to 9 pounds and measures somewhere between 19 and 22 inches. The lungs develop in preparation for breathing and the head is now head-down. As he becomes more crowded, you may feel him move around less. The last few weeks, the baby “drops” in preparation for delivery – giving the mother a little breathing space. 9 Months
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Danger Signals Call the doctor if any of these problems occur.
Vaginal bleeding Sharp abdominal pain/cramping Loss of fluid Frequent dizzy spells Visual disturbances Nausea or vomiting Sudden and excessive swelling of face, hands, and feet Headache Burning, painful urination Fever Vaginal discharge
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Weight gain during pregnancy 25-30 pounds
Baby – 7 ½ pounds Placenta – 1 ½ pounds Uterus – 2 pounds Amniotic fluid – 1 ½ pound Extra blood and water – 4 ½ pounds Breast tissue – 3 pounds Maternal stores of protein – 4 pounds
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Pregnancy Issues Toxemia Ectopic Pregnancy Stillborn
Spontaneous Abortion
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Baby’s Arrival
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What is lanugo? Many babies, born before their due date, still have soft, downy hair called lanugo covering their bodies.
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What is lanugo? In fact, in Latin, Lanugo means down.
At around five months gestation the fetal hair follicles produce this first hair or lanugo. Babies that are born at term have usually shed most of this hair inside the womb, usually around the seventh or eighth month. Lanugo is believed to help keep the baby warm; at an early gestation, babies do not have a lot of fat stores and the lanugo may help maintain an appropriate body temperature.
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What is lanugo? At thirty-six to forty weeks gestation the lanugo hair is replaced by villus hair. This hair is fine and without pigment. It is present on children and adults and hormones do not play a part in its growth. Interestingly, it is thought that the baby, while in the womb, ingests the lanugo they have shed, and it becomes part of the first bowel movement or meconium. If your baby is born with lanugo, there is no cause for concern; the hair eventually falls out and your baby will no longer be "hairy".
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