1. Occupational Analysis and Activity Analysis
OT 603 Foundations of OT Practice

2. OT Evaluation Occupational Profile
2014 OTPF: Summary of the clients occupational history and experiences, patterns of daily living, interests, values, and needs
Analysis of Occupational Performance
2014 OTPF: Act of doing and accomplishing a selected action, activity, or occupation that results from the dynamic transaction among the client, the context, and the activity

3. Why is this necessary? To understand the complexity of an activity
To understand the meaning it has to the client
To identify performance strengths and barriers
To identify the therapeutic potential

4. Taking Two Perspectives…
Activity Analysis
Occupational Analysis
W&S, Ch. 21. page 236 Words Matter: Defining Activity and Occupation

5. Activity Analysis
2014 OTPF: Analysis of “typical demands of an activity, the range of skills involved in its performance, and the various cultural meanings that might be ascribed to it”
Activity:
Purposeful, occupational, functional
Typically smaller units of behavior
Includes actions and use of objects
May or may not result in a product
Is goal directed

6. Occupational Analysis
Personally experienced and goal directed
Fills/ occupies time
Provides meaning
Is recognized by the culture
Contributes to health and well-being
Reflects culture and cultural values

7. Occupational Analysis
Occupational Analysis places the person in the foreground by taking into account the particular person’s life experiences, values, interests, goals.
Occupational Analysis may be focused:
a. On a particular task such as using a keyboard on the
computer or brushing one’s teeth, or…
b. On a broader scope of how individuals orchestrate
numerous aspects of occupational performance into
daily life, such as being an effective worker

8. Occupational Analysis and Meaning
OT practitioners must continually remind themselves that meaning is:
1. individually constructed and interpreted
2. is central to human existence
OT Practitioner is obligated to understand the meaning of occupations from the client’s persoective
* Be careful of the assumptions you bring to the analysis process: roles, culture, values and context

9. Occupation as Therapy
Grading
Scaffolding
Fading
Adapt and Modify

10. Grading: Sequentially increasing demands to stimulate the person’s function or reducing the activity demands to respond to client difficulties
Scaffolding: Helping the client by doing parts of the task that are too hard, but allowing the client to do the rest
Fading: Withdrawing supports as clients develop or improve their skills, so that the task demands increase until the person is doing the whole task or occupation independently

11. Coaching: Providing verbal expectations and support designed to help the individual engage in and sustain growth or changes
Adaptation: Changing the demands of the occupation so they are congruent with the person’s ability level
Modification: Changing the occupation itself by reducing its demands, using assistive devices, or changing the physical or social environment